für 53.10€ kaufen ···· Rheinberg-Buch.de - Bücher, eBooks, DVD & Blu-ray In the recent years, prevalence of HIV in Pakistan has arisen from 85000 in 2005 to 96000 in 2007. It has taken the form of a concentrated epidemic in two high risk groups, namely, injection drug users and males who have sex with males. Similarly the number of Pakistani women infected with HPV is elevating dramatically. Screening for HPV in Pakistani female patients is not commonly practiced, and as a consequence, HPV prevalence and its correlation with cervical cancer is unknown. This book, therefore, provides information on the prevalent subtypes of HIV-1 in Pakistan population particularly the high-risk groups and earthquake 2005 affectees. It demonstrates the divergence patterns of HIV in Pakistan, UAE and Kenya population. We also discussed the prevalence of HPV infection and genotypes of HPV in healthy sexually active women presenting in gynecology clinic for evaluation and in Pakistani women diagnosed with cervical carcinoma. Our findings emphasize on the need of country-wide screening, treatment and increasing awareness about HIV, its mode of transmission and ways of prevention. Our analysis also underscores the demand to implement regular HPV screening for Pakistani women. ····· 1036199827
für 44.10€ kaufen ···· Rheinberg-Buch.de - Bücher, eBooks, DVD & Blu-ray Human sleeping sickness is a zoonotic disease which is transmitted by a tsetse fly vector known as Glossina species. Basically, two types of sleeping sickness affecting human are known namely Trypanosoma brucei gambiense and Trypanosoma brucei rhodensiense. According to WHO, the disease occurs in 36 sub Saharan countries within the distribution of the tsetse fly belt. Human sleeping sickness may not be a known world-wide killer disease such as malaria and AIDS however, it is an important disease in sub-Saharan Africa and is responsible for a considerable degree of suffering and mortality in countries where it is endemic. There is need to determine the prevalence of Human sleeping sickness since the disease can confused to be witchcraft or some immune-competent disease for example AIDS. Busia County of Western Kenya lies in the tsetse fly belt and therefore, sleeping sickness disease is of great a public health concern. The ability to predict the likelihood of an epidemic would enable control measures and surveillance infrastructures to be put into place in advance. ····· 1036199768
für 61.20€ kaufen ···· Rheinberg-Buch.de - Bücher, eBooks, DVD & Blu-ray The effects of faecal pollution can significantly reduce the recreational value of inland and bathing waters, as health issues arise. Management of this problem depends on knowing which sources of faecal matter are the causes. The most common illnesses related to recreational faecal water pollution, are gastro-intestinal, although acute febrile respiratory illness and infections of the ear, nose, throat and eyes have been monitored. Currently the legislation regarding faecal water pollution is set in Europe by the Water Framework Directive (2006) and SEPA is legally committed to the protection and improvement of all Scottish waters to maintain a policy on microbiological standards for relevant discharges. An extensive literature review examined microbiological, chemical, genotypic and phenotypic methods used for the determination of faecal pollution in water and sediments. Also, the application of the FC:FS ratio method was tested in the Angus burns and bathing waters and the use of the FC:FS ratio method in laboratory microcosms with numbers of faecal coliforms and streptococci that that were proportional to the numbers found in animal and human faeces was evaluated. ····· 1036199743
für 64.71€ kaufen ···· Rheinberg-Buch.de - Bücher, eBooks, DVD & Blu-ray Cyanobacteria are important in the production of renewable energy resources. This project investigates the characterizations of cyanobacteria cultivation in a tubular baffled photo bioreactor (TBPBR). Many benchmarking experiments were conducted in light boxes in order to understand the reaction kinetics and to examine the effects of different parameters on the growth of Gloeothece membranacea and Oscillatoria amoena. Based on the benchmarking results, a tubular baffled photo bioreactor (TBPBR) was designed, constructed and commissioned. Further experiments were conducted using Gloeothece membranacea in order to characterize the continuous cultivation in this novel photo-bioreactor. ····· 1036199656
für 61.20€ kaufen ···· Rheinberg-Buch.de - Bücher, eBooks, DVD & Blu-ray Petroleum hydrocarbons are ubiquitous persistent environmental contaminants generated by natural combustion processes as well as from human activities. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are a major component of petroleum hydrocarbons. Biodegradation is a promising process for responding to contamination by petroleum hydrocarbons. The ability of microorganisms to degrade hydrocarbons and facilitate their mineralization by forming more labile organic compounds through the breakdown of intramolecular bonds has been extensively studied. Microbial degradation is a rate-limiting factor in many biogeochemical cycles. As a result, microorganisms have contributed to the development of different bioremediation technologies. ····· 1036199560
für 44.10€ kaufen ···· Rheinberg-Buch.de - Bücher, eBooks, DVD & Blu-ray What are Probiotic Lactic Acid Bacteria What are their characteristics and importance How are they useful The investigation, Studies on Amylase and Lipase from Probiotic Lactic Acid Bacteria, solves the above mentioned questions and briefs more. More over, it examines and discusses the production and purification of two important bacterial enzymes, Amylase and Lipase from the bacteria by using different qualitative and quantitative techniques. Recommendations on further research works to get benefited more from the bacteria are also included. ····· 1036199455
für 44.10€ kaufen ···· Rheinberg-Buch.de - Bücher, eBooks, DVD & Blu-ray ynfA, of Escherichia coli (P76169 swissprot, g1787865 GenBank) is the newest member of the Small Multidrug Resistance (SMR) gene family. It was identified with the aid of bioinformatics tools that allowed us to follow evolutionary principles of sequence conservation, in which functional similarity is inferred from sequence similarity, but surprisingly biochemical data yielded an unexpected mode of action for YnfA. The SMR gene family represents a prokaryotic transport system that is restricted to the eubacterial kingdom and has been so far identified in 63 bacterial species in both gram-negative and -positive bacterial species. Members of this family are composed of 100-120 amino acid residues in length and span the membrane four times as -helices. A ynfA inframe deletion mutant was created from an isogenic wild type E. coli MG1655 that displayed no growth defect compared to its wild type isogenic pair. Thus the mutant displayed antibiotic resistance. ····· 1036199439
für 44.10€ kaufen ···· Rheinberg-Buch.de - Bücher, eBooks, DVD & Blu-ray The book describes the Phenotypic and Genotypic study of the Bacteroidetes (Bacteroides) in the gut flora of Lean and Obese Patients. It covers description of two types of patient viz. Lean and Obese which have maximum percentage of infections. The present work deals with the field of Medical Science especially Medical Microbiology, Microbial Genetics and Pathology. The publication will be helpful in the systematic study of other types of patients infected from other Bacterial diseases. It will also serve as a reference book to all the people who engaged in the research related to medical field both at national and international level. ····· 1036199434
für 44.10€ kaufen ···· Rheinberg-Buch.de - Bücher, eBooks, DVD & Blu-ray This is a Comparative Study of Selected Waste Raw Materials for the Production of Bio-ethanol by Two Different Microwave Assisted Pretreatment Methods. The growing need for energy independence and proposed renewable fuels has led recently to a major expansion of fuel ethanol production. Ethanol fuel produced from biomass is recognized as an important alternative to gasoline.The main objectives of the present study were to select indigenous waste raw materials to be used as substrate for ethanol production, to compare and optimize two different microwave assisted pretreatment methods for the selected raw materials with respect to final ethanol yield and to identify the best raw material among selected with respect to low cost, easy availability, better response to pretreatment and high ethanol yields. ····· 1036199337
für 44.10€ kaufen ···· Rheinberg-Buch.de - Bücher, eBooks, DVD & Blu-ray Xylanases (endo-1, 4- -D-xylan xylanohydrolse EC 3.2.1.8) is a group of enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of xylan, the major constituent of hemicellulose, which is second to cellulose in abundance in plant cell wall. Xylanases are produced by a variety of microorganism such as bacteria, fungi, actinomycetes and yeast which are cultivated in solid and submerged fermentations. Fungi are the most common sources of xylanases which can produce thermophilic enzyme in fermentation process. Xylanases have potential applications in various fields like bleaching agent in the pulp and paper industry (brightening of the pulp to avoid the chlorine free bleaching operations), hydrolyzed the xylan component from wood which facilitate in removal of lignin, in baking industries and in animal feed industry. This enzyme produced can be utilized in saccharification for ethanol production. This study is focused on optimization of cultural and nutritional parameters on xylanase production by Trichoderma viride in solid state fermentation using agricultural wastes as a substrate. ····· 1036199328
für 53.10€ kaufen ···· Rheinberg-Buch.de - Bücher, eBooks, DVD & Blu-ray Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) strains are diarrheagenic E. coli belonging to specific serotypes, historically associated with outbreaks of infantile diarrhea, which are one of the main causes of severe diarrhea throughout the world. Several chromosomal and plasmid-borne virulence factors have been linked with the ability of certain strains to cause diarrhea. Over the last few years, numerous outbreaks of infections with strains producing extended spectrum -lactamases (ESBLs) and AmpC -lactamases, has been observed worldwide. In Iraq, few reports are available on the prevalence and molecular identification of EPEC. In addition, little attention has been paid to the molecular studies of ESBLs and AmpC -lactamases. Therefore, there is an increase demand to investigate the role of EPEC in children with diarrhea and identify the prevalence of -lactam resistance among these strains. This book provides a new data on the prevalence of EPEC in children younger than two years of age in Iraqi hospitals as well as characterizes their virulence genes and detection the genetic factors controlling production of ESBLs and AmpC -lactamases. ····· 1036199310
für 53.10€ kaufen ···· Rheinberg-Buch.de - Bücher, eBooks, DVD & Blu-ray I am in the field of poultry vaccines since more than a decade. The experience in the field has not only helped me fetch a degree but also given me name and fame in the industry. This Book will be very useful to the novice in the field of poultry farming as well as probiotic researchers. Entrepreneurs will get an inspiration to come out with their own indigenous products at sustainable prices. Its going to be the best seller in the coming days. ····· 1036199281
für 44.10€ kaufen ···· Rheinberg-Buch.de - Bücher, eBooks, DVD & Blu-ray Cellulases are a group of enzymes which can effectively degrade the cellulose, thus converting into glucose units which are further fermented by Sacchromyces cervisae into ethanol. These cellulases are produced by a variety of organisms like insects, bacteria and fungi. Fungi are the most potent producers of cellulases in both submerged and solid state fermentation processes. Generaly, cllulase production from fungi is time taking process i.e. their single batch is mostly completed in six to seven days of fermentation period. To overcome this long time span an attempt was made to produce cellulase from bacterial species. The present study was carried out to isolate and identify the cellulose degrading bacteria from soil samples. ····· 1036199256
für 44.10€ kaufen ···· Rheinberg-Buch.de - Bücher, eBooks, DVD & Blu-ray In Pakistan, there is a pressing need for a suitable algorithm(s) that meet the demand for the expand access to HIV screening, diagnosis, treatment and care in line with the National AIDS Control Programme s, Strategic Framework and National HIV and AIDS Policy through its multi-donor financed Social Action Programme. This book, therefore outlines the adapted diagnostic procedures for the detection of HIV, evaluates the performance and diagnostic effectiveness of three different HIV antibody assays and formulates an alternative cost-effective confirmatory approach for HIV diagnosis that is suitable for use in Pakistan. This book would be useful for HIV diagnostic laboratories, researchers and also decision makers at the National AIDS Control Programme to implement and then regularly validate the national testing strategy. ····· 1036199220
für 44.10€ kaufen ···· Rheinberg-Buch.de - Bücher, eBooks, DVD & Blu-ray Water serves as a major input needed for food production and vegetables in particular. Different qualities of water are usually used for the production of vegetable in many urban and peri-urban agriculture, of which wastewater is a major component especially in arid areas. The uses of wastewater in agriculture irrigation can be a resource, and at the same time present a health risk, and consumers of vegetable likely to be eaten raw are usually at risk. The source and determination of bacteria flora and chemical contamination on the vegetable are therefore important. Furthermore, different type of storage system of vegetables can affect its quality. This book seeks to explore the quality of different types of irrigation water sources used in urban agriculture. The quality of lettuce produced and different storage effect on lettuce at the market have also been addressed. ····· 1036199153
für 44.10€ kaufen ···· Rheinberg-Buch.de - Bücher, eBooks, DVD & Blu-ray Dr. Shreyas A. Bhatt, Ph. D, currently serving as Professor & Head in the Department of Life Sciences, Hemchandracharya North Gujarat University, Patan, Gujarat, India. He possesses over 22 years of experiences in teaching at Masters level in the subject of Microbiology, Environmental science and Biotechnology. He has publishing about 25 Research paper in the refereed journals of National and international repute . Dr. Bhatt is also supervising Doctoral Research in Microbiology and Environmental Science. He has successfully guided 10 students, 07 are working for Doctoral degree and over 35 students for M. Phil. degree. He is an Editor and Reviewer of various Research Journals. He has completed 3 research projects funded by U.G.C, and 2 project are going on in the field of Microbiology and Biotechnology. Dr.K.R.shah, Ph.D in microbiology. He has actively working on Microbial Technology and Envi. biotechnology Project like Biopolymer production, Hydrocarbon Degradation, Plant pathogens,plant Tissue culture and Soil Testing Project. Dr.K.R.shah is a Member of Asia-Pacific Chemical,& Environmental Engineering Society & Inter. Asso.of Researcher on Natural Subst. ····· 1036199103
für 49.41€ kaufen ···· Rheinberg-Buch.de - Bücher, eBooks, DVD & Blu-ray Our economy is continuously harmed by infestation of stored products brought about by stored grain pests which are responsible for worldwide loss of 10 - 40% annually. Tribolium castaneum (Herbst), Red flour beetle is a cosmopolitan and serious pest of cereal grains and their products. In order to manage the loss of stored grains and other agricultural products from insect infestation, many plant products have been evaluated for their toxic properties against different stored grain pests. In the present study, Bacillus thuringiensis isolates from collected samples were grown on T3 media. Bio-toxicity was checked individually and by combination of Black onion seed (Nigella sativa) and Bacillus thuringiensis, against Tribolium castaneum. The mortality data of Tribolium castaneum was analysed by applying probit analysis programme, determined that larvae are more susceptible and show significant results as compared to adults. ····· 1036199060
für 53.10€ kaufen ···· Rheinberg-Buch.de - Bücher, eBooks, DVD & Blu-ray Avian influenza (AI) is one of the deadliest zoonotic diseases facing human and animal populations. Various diagnostic techniques are available for the detection of AIVs, although virus isolation remains the gold standard method for epidemiological and genetic studies. RT-qPCR is a useful molecular biology tool for the detection of theses viruses for its rapidity, automation, and high throughput. However one concern with such methods is that it dose not provide information on whether the virus sample is infectious or dead. This technique has the limitation of producing false negative as well as false positive results. This book, therefore, provides new insights into the isolation of avian influenza viruses from cloacal samples obtained from waterfowl captured in the United States. In addition, wild aquatic birds are usually co-infected with influenza A viruses and other paramyxoviruses, of the later, Newcastle disease virus (NDV) is the most important virus which has the potential to outgrow AIVs during virus isolation in embryonated chicken eggs (ECEs). As part of this study, a method was developed to inhibit NDV overgrowth in eggs to allow the improved isolation of AIVs in ECEs. ····· 1036198991
für 44.10€ kaufen ···· Rheinberg-Buch.de - Bücher, eBooks, DVD & Blu-ray Hot water (74ºC), Lactic acid solution (2%) and Chlorine solution (50 p.p.m.) were applied on the hind leg quarters of the buffalo carcasses in two different methods, viz., spraying and dipping for surface decontamination. Initially, the best decontamination was performed by lactic acid dip method. At 24 hours, hot water dip method was considered as effective followed by again lactic acid dip at 48 hours and 72 hours respectively. Lactic acid dip method reduced total plate count by 1.71 log c.f.u./cm2 from the initial microbial load at 0 hour, whereas the hot water dip method and Chlorine dip reduced by 1.68 log c.f.u./cm2 and 1 log c.f.u./cm2 respectively. The log reduction of total coliform count by hot water dip, lactic acid spray, and chlorine dip were 1.27, 1.05 and 0.66 log respectively. From this study, it can be concluded that hot water treatment is the cheapest, convenient and simple decontaminant than the other two used. ····· 1036198947
für 44.10€ kaufen ···· Rheinberg-Buch.de - Bücher, eBooks, DVD & Blu-ray Out of 1500 nasopharyngeal swab samples collected from patients who were admitted to different maternity clinics in Dhaka city, 111 optochin resistant strains were isolated. As a confirmatory test of Streptococcus pneumoniae, i.e., Bile solubility was checked. A total of 37 optochin resistant bile soluble isolates were obtained, designated as optochin resistant bile soluble S. pneumoniae as other - hemolytic streptococci are not bile soluble. For further identification, bile soluble isolates were subjected to PCR of the lytA gene specific for S. pneumonia an 32 (87%) isolates were found to be lytA positive. Thus, it can be suggested that for confirmatory identification of S. pneumoniae, bile solubility test together with PCR of lytA gene should be carried out in routine microbilogical investigation. Antimicrobial susceptibility test revealed multiple drug resistance among the organisms. About 64.86% were resistant to more than three agents (multi drug resistant). Higher MIC values were obtained for azithromycin ( 256 microg/ml), erythromycin ( 256 microg/ml) and ciprofloxacin ( 8 microg/ml) considering the CLSI break point. ····· 1036198858
für 44.10€ kaufen ···· Rheinberg-Buch.de - Bücher, eBooks, DVD & Blu-ray Bangladesh is one of the endemic regions of typhoid. It is one of the developing countries and as such lacks many of the proper and hygienic facilities especially in the poor urban areas.It can be seen that a large population of Bangladesh is prone to infection by S. typhi. Though the ultimate solution is proper sanitary and water systems, treatment of current cases have to be done by the most effective use of the available antibiotics. Also the emergence of multi- drug resistance has caused major concern. Typhoid today is a treatable disease. With proper planning of prevention and vaccination, it may even be eradicated. But the other side also exists. If the Salmonella typhi bacteria become resistant to our current antibiotics, it could turn into a major threat.For this the knowledge of the individual drug s efficacy against S. typhi and its growing resistance needs to be monitored periodically. ····· 1036198728
für 61.20€ kaufen ···· Rheinberg-Buch.de - Bücher, eBooks, DVD & Blu-ray Diagnosis of meningococcal disease is essential for institution of early treatment to reduce the mortality and complications of this serious infection. This work explores and covers cultural and non-cultural techniques on cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) or blood specimens from persons suffering from meningococcal disease. Non-cultural techniques for the diagnosis of the disease in this work included common serological tests for the detection of anti-meningococcal antibodies or bacterial antigens in cerebrospinal fluid. With rapid antigen detection methods include Co-agglutination (COA) and latex agglutination. Also ELISA was used for diagnosis of Acute Bacterial Meningitis. Furthermore Molecular techniques have been achieved for the diagnosis of meningococcal disease and the detection of bacteria DNA from body fluid (CSF, plasma or serum). The sensitivity and specificity of this test vary compared with Grams stain and cultural techniques Epidemiological investigations of meningococcal disease was utilize for classification schemes based on differences among meningococcal cell envelope molecules. ····· 1036198477
für 44.10€ kaufen ···· Rheinberg-Buch.de - Bücher, eBooks, DVD & Blu-ray The striking similarities between the innate defenses of vertebrates and invertebrates as well as the amenability of Caenorhabditis elegans for genetic analysis have made this free-living ground nematode a popular model system in the study of bacterial pathogenesis. Although genetic studies have brought new insights, showing the inducibility and pathogen-specificity of the immune response, there is still much to be discovered about the exact mechanisms underlying resistance to infection. In this study a different angle was adopted to study host pathogen interactions in C. elegans. Given the dynamic nature of an immune response, the proteome of C. elegans was investigated at four different time-points (24, 48, 72, 96 h) after infection with S. typhi, S. typhi Ty21a, C. sakazakii and E. coli OP50 using SDS PAGE as a preliminary step to detect variation in the whole protein content. ····· 1036198273
für 61.20€ kaufen ···· Rheinberg-Buch.de - Bücher, eBooks, DVD & Blu-ray The quality of water is now the concern of experts in all countries of the world. The River Nile constitutes very important aquatic and wetland ecosystems and it supplies about 97% of Egypt s water reserves. Man frequently destroys the stream s capacity for natural self purification through excessive additions of domestic sewage and industrial wastes. Therefore, a wide variety of pathogens may be transmitted by faecally polluted water. Densely populated areas with inadequate sanitation and sewerage facilities served as a major source of pollution of surface water supplies and Rivers. Different genera of pathogenic bacteria were detected in River Nile water, Egypt. Waterborne bacterial pathogens are causative agents for many human diseases, and their presence in water bodies poses a potential threat to the human population. Because of the risk of public outbreaks of disease, it is of utmost importance that communities be aware of potential risks associated with water contact, including the presence of frankly pathogenic bacteria. ····· 1036192525· 1 · ::::: · 8 ·· 9 ·· 10 ·· 11 ·· 12 ·· 13 ·· 14 · ::::: · 24 ·
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