für 53.10€ kaufen ···· Rheinberg-Buch.de - Bücher, eBooks, DVD & Blu-ray Etching process involves various chemical reactions and reflects significantly on silicon wafer quality. Design of Experiments (DOE) with full factorial design is employed for optimization purpose. Etching factors namely the bubbling flow rate, wafer rotation, and etchant temperature had been randomized with additional three center points to observe any curvature. The responses studied are etching removal, total thickness variation (TTV) and wafer brightness. Additionally, the etchant temperature and bubbling flow rate provide interaction effect on both etching removal and wafer brightness. A higher bubbling flow rate is required to ensure etching removal and brightness within specification. Besides studying these three responses, the wafer surface after etching is analyzed using ADE Infotool software which captures the etched surface profile and its thickness. Finally, the removal uniformity throughout the redesigned etching drum is observed. Etching performance is enhanced with the optimized value of bubbling flow rate, etchant temperature and wafer rotation to achieve the optimum etching removal distribution. ····· 10361827
für 44.10€ kaufen ···· Rheinberg-Buch.de - Bücher, eBooks, DVD & Blu-ray This book consists of three research paper on application of technology in agriculture. It shows the engineering and mechanization concept that flow from laboratory to real application as need in agriculture sector. The testing was performed under laboratory control environment and dummy target point also was established to collect the actual data. To avoid the repeatedly process of training the image data and inefficient of capturing the image value, the colorspace value namely Hue is used as conducted in research paper number three. This study introduced the image based measurement for modeling the oil palm fresh fruit bunches (FFB) maturity prediction which enables the determination of the correct time for harvesting. The images were analysed for optical properties of Hue, using the analysis software that was developed at our research laboratory. The model is used to develop an equation for the software to enable the oil palm planters to determine the time of harvesting the matured oil palm fruit bunches in oil palm plantation. ····· 10361746
für 71.10€ kaufen ···· Rheinberg-Buch.de - Bücher, eBooks, DVD & Blu-ray Most of the powder metallurgical research on particulate aluminum alloys has been focused on optimizing composition. However, the role of process parameters on sinterability of prealloyed powders still remains to be critically evaluated. First part of the study logically evaluates the effect of sintering atmosphere (nitrogen, argon and vacuum) and temperature on sintered density, electrical, electrochemical and mechanical properties of Al-Cu-Mg, Al-Mg-Si and Al-Zn-Mg alloys. The effect of heat treatment (T4, T6 and T8 tempers) on microstructure and properties was also investigated. In an attempt to make the process less energy intensive and control the grain growth at higher temperature, in second part of the study, higher heating rates were implemented using multimode microwave (2.45 GHz and 6kW) furnace. Microstructural changes and properties were compared between microwave and conventional heated compacts. This book should help to shed some knowledge on new processing technologies, interaction of microwave with conductive materials and especially useful to researchers, professionals and students working in the field of aluminum powder metallurgy and microwave processing. ····· 10361725
für 44.10€ kaufen ···· Rheinberg-Buch.de - Bücher, eBooks, DVD & Blu-ray Air bearings are extensively used in precision machine design. Unlike conventional bearings, there is no physical contact between the moving surfaces. The moving surface can glide smoothly on the other surface, minimizing the control effort to achieve high accuracy and precision. Despite many advantages over conventional bearings, their application is still very limited. Cost and complexities in the design are the major deterrents. The orifice-type of air bearings are cheaper, but require good and innovative design to achieve better performance and stability in comparison to the porous-type. This book offers an analytical approach to understand the dynamics and the performance behavior of a single orifice, circular-pocketed air thrust bearing. The effect of various input parameters on the performance of the air bearing was studied. Based on the analytical results, a simple design methodology was developed to assist in the design and selection of air bearings. CFD simulation and experiments were carried out for validation purposes. An experimental set-up was designed to test static and dynamic performance characteristics of the air bearings. ····· 10361671
für 35.91€ kaufen ···· Rheinberg-Buch.de - Bücher, eBooks, DVD & Blu-ray The purpose of this study is to propose a set of revival program, to give Seoul, a sense of nature and monumentality, the history of urban planning is totally erased from the new Seoul. And it lack today a sense of orientation and context. The design and construction aspects of the Cheonggyechon Restoration Project in Seoul, Korea are presented in this paper. The Cheonggye-chon(`chon` means a stream) is a stream that flows from west to east across the northeastern quarter of Seoul. It had been covered by a concrete deck structure, served as a roadway that had been one of the capital`s major arterials. An elevated expressway above the road was built to handle increased traffic loads. Due to several reasons, it was decided to remove the concrete roadway and the elevated expressway, and restore the environmental health of the stream. This renewal project not only brings environment-friendly eco-system to the area, but also promises a new economic life into the area. ····· 10361619
für 44.10€ kaufen ···· Rheinberg-Buch.de - Bücher, eBooks, DVD & Blu-ray Pitting and scoring is a phenomenon in which small particles are removed from the surface of the tooth due to the high contact stresses that are present between mating teeth. After the investigation of shot pinning to increase the tooth bending strength in gears, surface durability, in the form of macro and micro-pitting, is now considered the dominant restriction on gear life and performance. In this book a method is develop to study surface fatigue in involute spur gears using finite element analysis. In achieving this two-dimensional & three-dimensional equivalent contacting cylinders & three-dimensional model of involute spur gear is used. The modeling is done using finite element computer package, ANSYS & solid modeling software, CATIA. In this book effect of loading condition and material types in contact stress in gears, estimation of surface fatigue in rolling-sliding contact condition in spur gear, effect of initial surface roughness on surface fatigue is studied. The results obtained are compared with analytical method. ····· 10361586
für 53.10€ kaufen ···· Rheinberg-Buch.de - Bücher, eBooks, DVD & Blu-ray In most engineering applications, structural components are subjected to service conditions where mechanical loading may vary within the part. Component optimization frequently requires shaping material properties according to requested performance. The industrial interest in functionally graded materials (FGM s) is mainly related to the possibility of controlling the gradient of physical and/or chemical properties, through microstructural manipulation. Aluminium matrix composites, for example, are advanced engineering materials developed for weight critical application, such as aerospace and automotive industries. Friction stir processing (FSP) is a recently developed technology based on the same principles as friction stir welding. The mechanisms involved in FSP also led to its exploitation for the production of particle-reinforced Metal Matrix Composite (MMC) materials. An investigation was conducted to evaluate the potential application of FSP to produce aluminium based functionally graded MMCs reinforced with SiC ceramic particles. Several strategies for reinforcement were investigated and their influence on particle distribution and homogeneity. ····· 10361539
für 44.10€ kaufen ···· Rheinberg-Buch.de - Bücher, eBooks, DVD & Blu-ray Due to increasing environmental awareness, industries and businesses have started emphasizing on making greener products and using greener processes. LCA is one such tool for evaluating environmental performance of products and processes. Cast products are considered to be resource intensive and emitting gaseous, liquid and solid wastes. In this study, we evaluated and compared lifecycle environmental impact of some ferrous and non ferrous sand castings using LCA approach. This book commences with a brief introduction of sand casting and LCA and presents the goal, system boundaries, input specifications, inventory classification, characterization and impact assessment. Result shows that for an automotive casting steel is most and aluminium is least harmful for environment for all impact categories except the resource category. During manufacturing phase melting furnaces, binder systems, casting yield, sand to metal ratio play very important role in minimizing negative environmental impacts. As for automotive casting is concerned, use phase dominates all other lifecycle phases and has most potential for minimizing negative impact on environment. ····· 10361417
für 61.20€ kaufen ···· Rheinberg-Buch.de - Bücher, eBooks, DVD & Blu-ray This book outlines an extensive and elaborated experimental work to attain the objectives set in the thesis. The material properties of concrete, profiled steel (PSF) and vibration damping compound (VDC) are investigated in the laboratory to carry out the theoretical calculation of this study. For the prediction of time-dependent deflections of floors, compressed test of concrete were conducted in the laboratory. The experimental work is divided into two groups. In the first group, the dynamic performance (acceleration, force, and damping) of floors are investigated. The second group of experimentation is conducted to investigate the sound and noise performance of floors. A total of two reinforced concrete floors (2000mm × 1200mm× 50mm) are casted in the laboratory to carry out the experimental work. This chapter includes the materials properties, the specimen configuration and fabrication, the instrumentation, the test setup and procedure. ····· 10361400
für 61.20€ kaufen ···· Rheinberg-Buch.de - Bücher, eBooks, DVD & Blu-ray Cold formed rectangular steel hollow sections are widely used in load-carrying structures due to their good load transfer behavior and aesthetic form. In order to find the fatigue strength of cold formed members it is important first to investigate the factors which severely affect it. Notches in cold formed corners are the stress raisers and require special attention as their presence reduces the resistance to fatigue failure. Corner radii along with notches in cold formed rectangular hollow sections are the areas of higher stress concentrations. Small corner radii also cause high residual stresses in the corners and increase fatigue susceptibility due to large stress concentration factors. Therefore, this book presents the extensive investigation of factors affecting fatigue strength of cold formed steel members with the help of Finite Element Analysis (FEA). These factors include notches, residual stresses, radius and thickness at corners of cold formed members. This study is very helpful for the research teams and industries involved in computing fatigue strength of cold formed members made up of high strength steels. ····· 10361316
für 44.10€ kaufen ···· Rheinberg-Buch.de - Bücher, eBooks, DVD & Blu-ray This textbook is an introduction to advances in mechanical machinery: Measuring and compensating for off-line to running (OL2R) machinery movement. Actually, all rotating equipments undergo a change in position during start-up (off-line) and while running that affects the alignment of the shafts. The off-line to running movement characteristics of the vast majority of rotating machinery in industries have never been measured. It is very important to know how much movement occurred before concluding that it is insignificant and can be ignored. This book is written out with strongly hoping that some characteristics of both cold and hot misalignment could be displayed for readers. The objective of the research in this book is to find out the characteristics of hot misalignment and to compensate for off-line to running machinery movement. The method for carrying out the research in this book is based on theory and experiments. The experiments are done several times for both cold and hot conditions. The main setup for the research in this book is a pair of generator-electrical motor. ····· 10361307
für 44.10€ kaufen ···· Rheinberg-Buch.de - Bücher, eBooks, DVD & Blu-ray The fatal accidents involving occupants has become a serious concern to the Automotive Original Equipment Manufacturers for accounting the considerable changes in their new design & developments. One such attempt to avoid the occupant from injuries during the fatal accidents is Airbag. The proportion of the fatalities involving the occupant riding a motorcycle is high compared to the remaining fatalities involving the occupant driving the other classes of automotive. To utilise the airbag for reducing the injuries to the occupant riding motorcycle is in progress. The reduction of injuries to the chest during the instant of the collision with the help of airbag is the play concentrated in this research. ····· 10361239
für 44.10€ kaufen ···· Rheinberg-Buch.de - Bücher, eBooks, DVD & Blu-ray The effect of bitumen treatment on the wear and mechanical properties of the common bicycle axle have been studied and presented in this book. Bicycle axles were subjected to a conventional hardening process, water quenched and tempering, and an unconventional heat treatment process, austempering in bitumen. Bitumen being highly viscous, with low specific heat capacity and very rich in carbon content gave carbon steel a better combination of hardness, tensile strength and impact strength. The resistance of the bicycle axles to wear was greatly enhanced by austempering in bitumen without altering the design of the bicycle, the lubricating system or the composition of the axle. It is hoped that the findings in this work would help bicycle axle manufacturers in producing axles with higher resistance to wear at lower cost. ····· 10361186
für 61.20€ kaufen ···· Rheinberg-Buch.de - Bücher, eBooks, DVD & Blu-ray It is very important to investigate residual stresses distribution in a railroad car wheel as it determines the performance and safety of the train. Compressive residual stresses are induced intentionally during manufacturing of a railroad car wheel surface to prevent the formation and growth of cracks in the wheel. After the wheel is put into service, it experiences external loading: contact loads from the interaction of the wheel with running rail, and thermal loads imposed by friction between the wheel and the brake shoe during braking. In this book, the residual stresses distribution due to the manufacturing process and the effects of service conditions on the wheel are investigated using finite element method. The FEA solution demonstrates the distribution of compressive hoop stress in the wheel rim during the manufacturing process. Results also indicate that contact stress acting alone causes increased net rim hoop compression. However, thermal stress caused by brake shoe applied on the wheel greatly reverses the residual hoop compressive stress in the wheel. ····· 10361137
für 44.10€ kaufen ···· Rheinberg-Buch.de - Bücher, eBooks, DVD & Blu-ray The study was conducted to produce bioethanol fuel from rambutan biomass using different parameters. The effects of days, pH, temperatures, enzyme and yeast concentration and components of rambutan fruit waste on bioethanol production were investigated. From the results, the maximum yield of bioethanol in different parameters such as, pH temperatures, fermentation period, and yeast concentration was found at 5, 30°C, 2 days and 4 g/l (w/v), respectively. Viscosity, acid value and some metal content were found within the limits described by the American Standards for Testing Material. The bioethanol was analyzed and found that there was no toxic elements and acceptable for transportation fuel and followed the quality of ASTM standard. Fuel consumption was found less at 10% than 5% bioethanol and 100% gasoline. Greenhouse gas/engine emissions like CO2, CO, SO2, HC and NOX were reduced by using bioethanol. Bioelectricity was generated successfully by using bioethanol based fuel cell. The bioethanol from biomass was of good quality which generated electricity (recorded in votage an RPM by fuel cell). Waste material (biomass) can also be managed and renewed energy using this technolog. ····· 10361110
für 53.10€ kaufen ···· Rheinberg-Buch.de - Bücher, eBooks, DVD & Blu-ray The increasing use of the laminated composite plates in the construction of mechanical, aerospace, marine, and automotive structures has made the design of these laminates an important research topic. One of the most important reasons for using laminated composite materials in these applications is to reduce the structural weight. Consequently, the main objective of this thesis is to find the minimum weight design of the laminated plates under the application of dynamic loads and subject to different flexibility and strength constraints. The common objective in the optimal design of laminated composite plates is to determine layer orientation, layer thicknesses, or number of layers to obtain the minimum weight of the structure and to satisfy the imposed constraints. In this work the ply thicknesses are taken as a continuous design variables. The optimal ply orientation and the optimal lamination scheme are determined through a parametric study according to the boundary conditions of the problem and the aspect ratio of the plate. ····· 1036160
für 44.10€ kaufen ···· Rheinberg-Buch.de - Bücher, eBooks, DVD & Blu-ray Quality indices and quality charts were used as evaluation tool for selecting the optimum conditions to be applied in practice in order to develop superior tensile properties and optimum quality in Al-Si casting alloys. The right alloy quality in engineering applications involves reaching a suitable compromise between numerous factors so as to present the maximum performance combined with cost efficiency. Alloy composition, solidification rate, and heat treatment procedures, are all parameters which closely affect alloy quality since they also influence the tensile properties of the casting. The quality of aluminum alloy castings may be defined using numerical values which correlate to their mechanical properties. Several models were proposed to correlate the quality of the Al-Si castings to the mechanical properties of these alloys. ····· 1036142
für 44.10€ kaufen ···· Rheinberg-Buch.de - Bücher, eBooks, DVD & Blu-ray Today most conventional maintenance strategies are purely reactive, corrective (fixing or replacing equipment after it fails) or time -scheduled. These strategies are not well adapted to the control of the global performances of a manufacturing system. Therefore it is now necessary to move from traditional maintenance strategies to new ones like Opportunistic maintenance. Opportunistic maintenance works out to be the perfect remedy, which utilizes the opportunity of system shutdown or module dismantle to perform any maintenance required in the immediate future and saves a substantial amount of system down-time. This book presents an intelligent decision making method of how to decide whether a particular component requires opportunistic maintenance or not, and if so how cost effective this opportunity-based maintenance will be when compared to a probable future grounding. In this book we are discussing opportunistic maintenance as an alternate strategy for maintenance along with steps for implementing it then finally looking at the challenges posed for doing opportunity maintenance. This book is very helpful for research scholars & maintenance engineers. ····· 1036139
für 44.10€ kaufen ···· Rheinberg-Buch.de - Bücher, eBooks, DVD & Blu-ray Nowadays Six Sigma Methods are used widely in industries of varying sizes across multiple industry sectors, which mainly focus on reducing the process variation, elimination of wastes and maximizing the continuous flow in an organization. High number of errors in financial claim process was caused due to the manual intervention. In the current project, The Six Sigma methodology called DMAIC is used effectively. We have defined the project goals and customer requirements to ensure that customer expectations and needs are completely understood. The project progression through the various phases of problem Definition, quantification by Measurement, statistical Analysis for influential factor determination, experimentation aimed at Improvements and Controlling the goals achieved through process monitoring, forms part of this dissertation. The results obtained from evaluating the effectiveness of the improvements that are implemented in the project shows significant benefits in reducing the error rate by 60% and resulted in more than 1.2 millions of USD savings. The cost savings mainly came from avoiding the duplicate payments in the process. ····· 1036116· 1 · ::::: · 76 ·· 77 ·· 78 ·· 79 ·· 80 ·· 81 ·· 82 · ::::: · 83 ·
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