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The kidney function trends in HIV/AIDS patients

für 44.10€ kaufen ···· Rheinberg-Buch.de - Bücher, eBooks, DVD & Blu-ray
Human immunodeficiency virus related kidney disease is one of the leading causes of death and affects predominantly people of black descen. A cohort study was carried out at the Nylon District Hospital Douala, Cameroon to investigate the Kidney function trends amongst HIV seropositive individuals. Kidney function tests like serum urea, serum creatinine, creatinine clearance, proteinuria and urine chemistry was measured amongst 329 participants amongst whom 30.4% were HIV negative and 69.6% were HIV positive. The age range of the study population was 18 to 60 years. There were 94(28.6%) males and 235 (71.5%) females. The percentage of HIV seropositivity was higher in females than in males. Although, Serum creatinine, creatinine clearance and proteinuria were significantly higher in the control group than in the HIV infected subjects, these values were not indicative of renal pathology. Considering only HIV positive individuals the mean serum creatinine was significantly higher in the Antiretoviral treatment (ART) naïve group when compared to those who were already on ART. These findings indicate that renal function is not affected by the seropositivity status of individuals. ····· 10361115222

Reinventing The Breast Cancer

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Cancer being a highly complex combination of diseases, it can be studied and understood better by the complex networks in System/Network biology. Here is a novel step to study the relation between drug target network and the corresponding drug network using the advanced concept of proteomics and systems biology and to develop an effective strategy for cancer prevention.104 antimutagens were collected from literature survey. Of this only 81 structure were available and taken from the Pubchem database. The PDB ids of the Breast cancer genes were taken. Docking was performed with the help of Quantum docking software and the docking scores were obtained. The list of gene ids obtained is loaded into the VISANT application. From the data obtained and the various analysis done the antimutagen Beta-Sitosterol obtained from the Black cumin Seeds (Nigella Sativa) shows least RMSD value with the protein 2I1J corresponding to the gene UTP14A indicating that Breast cancer specific drugs are specific for the particular disease gene and not random among the networks. The ligands (Antimutagens) show good response to the specific type of cancer. ····· 10361115117

Hematology-Oncology and Therapy

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In this book, we identified new therapeutic targets for the treatment of leukemia within their microenvironment by using inhibitors of some signaling pathways. The contents of this book enables the reader to have good understanding of the news therapeutic approches regarding the treatment of leukemia. This book welcomes the scientific world to look into the alternative treatment option of leukemia. ····· 10361115042

Gene therapy for breast cancer treatment

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Breast cancer is the most common type of neoplasia in women. Most of hereditary cases are associated with mutations of breast cancer-associated genes (BRCA). Preventive mastectomy and chemoprevention are the only approaches available so far to prevent the development of neoplasia in patients with specific genetic background. However, side effects and invasiveness of these procedures make necessary the development of alternative strategies. This book describes a novel approach to prevent breast cancer based on the restoration of BRCA1 functional gene into target cells using an engineered virus. In fact viruses have developed an efficient mechanism to deliver their genetic material into target cells virus-derived vectors take advantages of this ability to vehiculate transgenes cells. To this aim a lentiviral vector expressing BRCA1 gene was produced. Restoration of gene function was validated in tumor and primary cells derived from patient encoding an inactive form of BRCA1, that, following gene delivery, restored the ability to repair DNA damages upon exposition to ionizing radiations These results pave the way to develop novel preventative approaches against human breast cancer. ····· 10361115027

African Genomics In Review

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While recognizing the potential of genomics in improving health and the unprecedented advances in genomic science, plus its widely predicted revolutionary prevarication as we look at these realities, how then can we present and apply this scientific knowledge to our global world In the same vein, while proffering solutions in some genomic problem domain via culminating a positive evolvement of human genome, where do developing countries (for example Nigeria) stand in this revolutionary emancipation The author addresses these concerns through excavating its fundaments in this compact manual and rekindles hope as he shares perspectives and infers possibilities, comparably, for advancement. ····· 10361114928

Diabetes Mechanisms And Management:

für 61.20€ kaufen ···· Rheinberg-Buch.de - Bücher, eBooks, DVD & Blu-ray
Despite the scientific breakthroughs recorded in the management of diabetes mellitus over the last decade, stemming the increasing incidence of diabetes mellitus and providing a long-term effective management of the disease and its complications remain elusive to scientists and medical experts in the field of diabetology. This book provides an up-to-date insight into diabetes mellitus as a disease entity, examines the aetiopathological basis and the course of the disease, its cellular and molecular mechanisms as well as its diagnosis and monitoring. While providing an insight into the experimental techniques employed in the study of diabetes and their outcomes, the book, also provides an overview of the current conventional management modalities, as well as, the exciting results of some selected African, Asian and American single and multiherbal remedies that are popularly used in the disease management. Evidence-based results and prospects emanating from both preclinical and clinical studies of the antihyperglycaemic effects of these herbs indicate that these could soon become the ultimate alternatives to the disease management. ····· 10361114923

Detection of Minimal Residual Disease in Precursor B-Cell Neoplasms

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Despite several developed treatment protocols used for treatment of patient with precursor B-cell leukemia/lymphoma, many of these patients relapse. Most of these patients relapse from clinically inapparent minimal residual disease (MRD), which refers to the presence of clonal cells in BM after treatment in a level below the morphological detection. The ability to predict who will relapse while still in a minimal disease state has important clinical implications. A reliable technique for MRD detection should be specific, sensitive, reproducible and quantitative. Currently, PCR analysis of Ag receptor gene rearrangements and flowcytometry represent the most clinically useful targets for MRD analysis in ALL. Molecular techniques may be sequence- or non sequence based methods. This book will discuss the basic knowledge about precursor B-cell neoplasms, MRD and different molecular methods for its detection with stress on a non-sequence based technique. This book should be useful for both medical student and medical professional in the field of laboratory or clinical hematology. ····· 10361114851

The Use of Hyperbaric Oxygenation Therapy

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Hyperbaric Oxygenation Therapy (HBOT) has a successive history for treating very specific groups of physical conditions. Research by Neubauer and colleagues states that HBOT`s ability to increase cerebral metabolism in the brain regenerates dormant neural tissue (Neubauer, Gottlieb, & Pevsner 1994). According to this research, the increase of cerebral metabolism levels restores mental capacity from the neurological insult. Despite promise, uncertainty exists as to whether this is a viable treatment option for people suffering from neural damage. The research results for this experiment will examine the effect of HBOT on cerebral metabolism levels in adults and pediatrics with chronic neurological problems. Fifty individuals diagnosed as having a neurological impairment whom met criteria for the study were analyzed from an archival data set. Criterion required chronic impairment, baseline SPECT, followed by HBOT exposures, and a post SPECT scan. ····· 10361114848

Confabulation and Traumatic Brain Injury

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The purpose of this study was to investigate the occurrence of confabulation in traumatic brain injury at different levels of cognitive functioning (according to the Rancho Los Amigos Levels of Cognitive Functioning) and to determine whether confabulation could be quantified. Participants were asked a series of questions in an interview format. Their responses were analyzed using a rating scale on the Sacramento Assessment of Confabulation (SAC, Boles, unpublished). Analysis revealed a significant relationship between confabulation and level of cognitive functioning. ····· 10361114765

Tuberculosis transmission among contacts: MYTH and REALITY

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Tuberculosis has plagued mankind since the beginning of time. It has been estimated that one third of the people on the planet have been infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis.The World Health Organization estimated that at least 180 million children aged less than 15 years were infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis worldwide.The infection is almost exclusively transmitted through air from patients with pulmonary disease. The risk of transmission is greatest if the index case is `sputum smear positive`, and is directly proportional to the bacillary density in respiratory secretions.Children in contact with adult patients are at highest risk of getting infected, and hence contact screening is important for early detection of transmission of infection. This is of great value not only to detect infected individuals but for the community as a whole, because a child with tuberculosis represents recent and ongoing transmission of infection within the community.As pediatrician it is our duty to reach to the base of ice berg i.e. the children`s pool of tuberculosis lying in the siblings of family. ····· 10361114732

Advancing knowledge into the clinical assessment of dementia

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This book aims to identify and measure cognitive and social abilities in people with dementia and also in people with additional learning disabilities. Definitions of dementia are discussed in detail, outlining the neuropathology, neuropsychology and clinical signs of Alzheimer`s disease, and the neuropsychology of multi-infarct dementia. Discussion is made of the difficulties of a differential diagnosis and also the difficulties in assessing learning disability and dementia. A critique of instruments used in the clinical studies includes details of their reliability, validity, and standard error and norms of each tool. Empirical studies are presented together with the design and development of a neuropsychological test battery for the clinical assessment of people with dementia and learning disability. A link between cognitive performance and social abilities is presented for people with Down`s syndrome and dementia that highlights failure in the Central Executive System and Articulatory Loop System, important in normal memory. Emphasis is made on the need to improve and widen access in service provision for these valued people. ····· 10361114681

Prostate Cancer

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Cancer is a class of diseases in which a group of cells display uncontrolled growth, invasion, and sometimes metastasis.. Prostate cancer is a form of cancer that develops in the prostate, a gland in the male reproductive system. Most prostate cancers are slow growing. However, there are cases of aggressive prostate cancers. The cancer cells may metastasize from the prostate to other parts of the body, particularly the bones and lymph nodes. Loss of PTEN and concomitant activation of AKT could act in partnership with the TMPRSS2-ERG fusion protein to promote progression to prostate cancer through downstream pathways that increase the selective advantage of pre malignant prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia cells. ····· 10361114644

Cervical leukocytes and 3D ultrasound in preterm birth high risk women

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Preterm birth is the most important cause of neonatal death and morbidity. Defective cervical barrier is a major cause of preterm labour. This hypothesis was assessed immunologically by using flow cytometry to quantify leucocytes subpopulation in the cervix, morphologically by cervical length and volume as assessed by 3D ultrasound, and the cervical blood circulation was assessed by 3D ultrasound with power Doppler in patients at high risk of preterm labour. Immunologically, the most prevalent cervical leukocyte was the macrophage. Macrophages and the rest of leukocyte types in general were fewer in high risk patients than in normal pregnant controls. Morphologically, this study showed a significant association between cervical length and preterm labour, but not cervical volume. Also, there is increase in the vascularisation of the cervix in preterm labour patients. This book should be especially useful to Obstetricians, General Practitioners, young doctors, women in fertile age and researchers in the medical field. ····· 10361114607

EFFECT OF ADDING FENTANYL AND BUPRENORPHINE TO L.A IN BRACHIAL BLOCK

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This was a prospective randomized double blind study conducted in Himalayan Institute of Medical Sciences. The aim was to evaluate the onset time of sensory and motor block time required for complete sensory and motor block to assess the duration of analgesia, sensory and motor block to observe the haemodynamic changes and observe for any side effect and complications. Total 75 adult patients of either sex, ASA stutus I- III, body weight 50 kg and with no contraindication to peripheral nerve blocks were randomly divided into three equal Groups-A, B and C all patients underwent elective upper limb surgery. No premedication was given to any of the patients. Group A- lignocaine+bupivacaine Group B- A+buprenorphine Group C- A+ fentanyl . All the patients were given brachial plexus block by supraclavicular approach using nerve stimulator. Cardiorespiratory parameters and drug toxicity and side effects and complications were monitored. Conclusion: Success rate with the technique was 100% with no incidence of pneumothorax or other complications like horner`s syndrome, neurological deficit etc. ····· 10361114601

EARLY DETECTION OF CERVICAL CANCER: PAP SMEAR or COLPOSCOPY

für 53.10€ kaufen ···· Rheinberg-Buch.de - Bücher, eBooks, DVD & Blu-ray
Cancer cervix is the 2nd most common cancer in women accounting for 68.5% of all gynecological malignancies.The estimated new cancer cervix cases per year are 500,000 of which 79% occur in the developing countries.Cervical dysplasia does not cause many symptoms therefore, regular screening and early diagnosis are important. The single most important step that a woman can take to prevent cervical cancer is a pap smear, which is a gentle scraping at the cervix during a gynecological examination.To judge the merits of a pap smear,Colposcopy provides a technique for visualization of cervix and vagina to examine physiological and pathological changes of squamocolumnar junction and select the optimal site for biopsy.Refined screening techniques and improved patient education have contributed to an increased awareness and early detection of pre-invasive lesions of the female genital tract and in particular those of cervix.The study is aimed to assess the predictive value of Pap smear and Colposcopy in cervical cancer detection programmes and further suggesting that cervical cancer is preventable and is highly suitable for primary prevention. ····· 10361114569

WILMS` TUMOR

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This book will cover a very interesting and relatively common pediatric tumor with recent advances of management of Wilms` tumor. and compering different management strategies used in different countries allover the world such as National Wilms` Tumor Study Group (NWTSG) which is used in North America, International Society of Pediatric Oncology (SIOP) group which used in European Countries, Japanese Wilms` Tumor Study Group (JWTSG) and etc..., to reach optimum management of Wilms` Tumor ····· 10361114547

ANOPHELES MOSQUITO DENSITY PREDICTIVE MODEL USING REMOTELY SENSED DATA

für 61.20€ kaufen ···· Rheinberg-Buch.de - Bücher, eBooks, DVD & Blu-ray
Malaria cases and its consequent deaths have been predominant unsolved public health issues in Thailand. Malaria transmits through three possible mediums malaria parasite, human hosts, and Anopheles mosquito. One possible way to solve the malaria problem is to have intervention on any of these mediums. This study focuses on Anopheles mosquito medium, a part of the malaria transmission cycle. As the malaria control methods depend on many setting-specific factors such as endemic, vector species and behavior, seasonality, disease patterns, health service factors and more, which they have not been distributed equally in spatial, therefore the accuracy of these predicted information at timely manner are necessary requirements for effective malaria control planning and preparations. Thus, increasing of spatial accuracy and information updates on the vector density are the main issues for the malaria control. In order to support these requirements, Geo-informatics technology is used to develop the model for predicting Anopheles mosquitoes, which is called Anopheles Mosquito Density Predictive Model (AMDP model) . ····· 10361114398

Rheumatoid arthritis

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Fifty patients of Rheumatoid arthritis were studied 88% were females. Rheumatoid factor was positive in 90%. Raised ESR and CRP were markers of ongoing inflammation. The maximum number of patients (98%) presented with articular symptoms 14% of had associated extra-articular symptoms 2% presented only with extra-articular manifestations.The most common joints to be involved were the small joints of the hand, followed by the wrist, elbow, toes, hip and knee joints. The disease related complications seen commonly were various joint deformities and osteoporosis. Spine involvement in the form of atlanto-axial dislocation was seen in 2%.Extra articular complications were episcleritis and vasculitis syndrome, dryness of eyes and mouth, and rheumatoid nodules. Postpartum flare of symptoms was seen in one patient. Drug related complications were uncommon (22%) most of which were minor side effects. Antirheumatic drugs especially DMARDs like methotrexate are very much safe and have high acceptability among the patients. Regular monitoring of patients is required. DAS 28 score is very helpful in assessing the patient response on treatment with DMARDs. ····· 10361114323

The Merozoite Surface Protein 1 of Plasmodium falcipurum

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Binding of merozoite proteins to erythrocyte during invasion is a critical step. However, little is known about interactions occurring during merozoite invasion of erythrocytes or complex formation of merozoite surface proteins among themselves.One such important merozoite proteins thought to play a crucial role during invasion of RBCs is Merozoite surface protein 1 (MSP-1), a potential candidate for blood stage vaccine development. In this work, an in vitro interaction assay of MSP-1 with human erythrocytes is described to investigate which subunit of MSP-1 bind to Erythrocytes. Although the specificity of the binding is not clear, our data indicates p38 and p42 appears to interact with erythrocytes. Taken together our data suggest that MSP-1 by itself might not be an initial interaction partner for erythrocytes. Interestingly, our data from association study between MSP-1 and MSP-6 performed in this work clearly indicate that hMSP-6 interacts with MSP-1 complexes as long as p38 is present making this subunit the most important interaction partner. Moreover, we also fine map a stretch of 51 amino acids in MSP-6 responsible for the interaction with MSP-1. ····· 10361114321

BIPOLAR DISORDER: ROLE OF INFLAMMATORY MARKERS

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Bipolar disorder (BD) is a chronic, severe, and highly disabling illness, which is estimated to affect 1% of the population worldwide. Recent studies have found that most bipolar patients have high rates of functional and cognitive impairment, contributing to the substantial psychosocial morbidity associated with the disorder. Although there has been a considerable increase in the understanding of the pathophysiological processes of Bipolar Disorder, the underlying biology and common mechanisms of comorbid physical and psychiatric disorders remain largely unclear. More recently, there has been an increasing interest in the role of the immune and inflammatory systems in mood disorders. It has been demonstrated that mood episodes are associated with changes in cytokines profiles and acute phase proteins such as immunoglobulins, complement proteins, factor B , and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (CRP). The aim of the study was to find out role of inflammatory markers in patients of Bipolar Mood Disorder and its association with various demographic and clinical factors. ····· 10361114318

Ulnar nerve entrapment at the elbow

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This book describes a series of experiments which investigated validity and reliability of ultrasound measurements of the ulnar nerve at the elbow. The final experiment tested measurements derived from the first three experiments, for their ability to discriminate between individuals without symptoms of ulnar nerve entrapment and individuals with symptoms of Ulnar nerve entrapment. The book also contains a critical review of the literature. ····· 10361114307

TISSUE ADHESIVE VERSUS STANDARD WOUND CLOSURE TECHNIQUE

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Wound healing is a complex and dynamic process of restoring cellular structures and tissue layers. The study was conducted to compare the effectiveness of cyanoacrylate tissue adhesive with conventional suture in closing laparoscopic abdominal incision. They were randomly assigned to receive either tissue adhesive or suture. Main outcome measures were time taken for skin closure and post operative outcome. Both groups were comparable with respect to age, parity, education level, type of occupation and number of holes. In the study, there was a significant difference in time taken for skin closure where tissue adhesive was much more faster compared to suture. The use of tissue adhesive is easy and safe with complications comparable to suture and results in equally good cosmesis. Therefore tissue adhesive is a suitable alternative to suture in small wounds and low tension areas. ····· 10361114276

LYMPHOMAS IN HIV PATIENTS

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HIV infected patients have been shown to be at an increased risk of developing lymphomas. With a rising incidence and prevalence of HIV infections especially in Sub-Saharan Africa where over 60% of the HIV-positive patients in the world is found, this would certainly have a bearing on HIV/AIDS-associated conditions, lymphomas inclusive. Assessment of the epidemiological, clinical and biological aspects of AIDS-related lymphomas in Cameroon, a developing country in Sub-Saharan Africa has been of interest. The analysis at the Hematologic Unit of the University Teaching Hospital in Yaoundé, Cameroon, where most of these patients are seen, unveiled findings similar to several other studies on the same subject in other countries. This study offers basic information for medical students, doctors and researchers interested in AID-related lymphomas in Cameroon. ····· 10361114275

Phytotherapy

für 71.10€ kaufen ···· Rheinberg-Buch.de - Bücher, eBooks, DVD & Blu-ray
Phytotherapy is the study of the use of extracts from natural origin as medicines or health-promoting agents. Traditional phytotherapy is often used as synonym for herbalism and regarded as `alternative medicine` by much of Western medicine. Modern phytotherapy when critically conducted, can be considered the scientific study on the effects and clinical use of herbal medicines.Medicinal plants have always been considered a healthy source of life for all people.Therapeutical properties of medical plants are very useful in healing various diseases and the advantage of these medicinal plants is being 100% natural. Nowadays people are being bombarded with thousand of unhealthy products, the level of sensibility in front of diseases is very high and that`s why the use of medicinal plants can represent the best solution. ····· 10361114264

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