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The Role of Water Resources Development to Food security

für 44.10€ kaufen ···· Rheinberg-Buch.de - Bücher, eBooks, DVD & Blu-ray
Most of the poor people residing in the rural areas of poor countries are usually suffering from poverty in general and food insecurity in particular. Food insecurity by its nature of chronic and transitory is the serious problem of Ethiopia. So far, various studies, workshops, seminars, etc were conducting about the problem and its solution. This paper also tries to focus on seeing the role of irrigation and water resources development in overcoming the food insecurity of rural households. Regarding challenges of the water resources development, the role water resources development or irrigation is playing big role in overcoming households food insecurity. Study was identified many constraints including management, economic and institutional. But lack of investment is one and main challenge of the irrigation development. At last, the study concluded that policy maker and other development partners must give attention and high priority in improving economic access of resources like small scale irrigation to poor small scale households, which enable them out from the prison of poverty and food insecurity. ····· 10361146844

Hypocholesterolemic properties of cape gooseberry

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Chemical composition and some physico-chemical parameters of the Physalis peruviana fruit juice were investigated. The antioxidative potential of fruit juice was assessed by means of bleaching of the stable 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radicals. The yield of juice is extremely high and the juice is rich sources of sugars as well as water- and fat-soluble bioactives. Goldenberry pomace (seeds and skins) represent the waste obtained during juice processing (ca. 27.4% of fruit weight). In the present contribution, the potential of goldenberry pomace for use as a substrate for the production of edible oil was evaluated. Toward developing goldenberry as a commercial crop, the results provide important data for the industrial application of goldenberry. The study also covers the chemical composition and some fractional properties of pomace oil including fatty acid profile and other fat-soluble bioactives (i.e. sterols, tocopherols and phenolics). Pomace oil was tested for its radical scavenging activity toward the stable 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical and their oxidative stability. ····· 10361146814

Capacity Building of the farmers

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The study focused at examining the capacity building of the farmers with a special reference to minor crops producers in Bangladesh. The results show that both vegetable and rice producers in the project area experienced a significant increase in profitability compared to farmers outside the project area. The study identified that the components of capacity building play a significant role in increasing technical efficiency and inefficiency can be reduced significantly and actual return can be obtained up to maximum level by increasing different capitals of capacity building. Moreover, the study found that majority of the marginal and small farmers are well ahead in improving physical and technical skills at a high level than the medium farmers and therefore, they enter into the Gehilfen stage of capacity building. In addition, the farmers with low physical, technical, and communication skills, and the farmers who built up these skills at later life stages are far behind in achieving maximum obtainable return. Finally, the study explored that the farmers with high capacity building changes their household expenditure pattern towards up taking of a balanced nutrition. ····· 10361146795

Orange Fleshed Sweetpotato: A contributor to health

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Vitamin A deficiency is a serious public health problem in Zambia and the existing means for addressing the problem are inadequate. The problem is manifest especially in young children and lactating mothers. Sweetpotato is a potential crop for alleviating vitamin A deficiency as some of the genotypes contain high levels of -carotene recognised by the orange flesh. However, most of the genotypes grown in Zambia are white fleshed hence low in -carotene. The research presented in this book was conducted as a contribution to the alleviation of vitamin A deficiency in Zambia by bio fortification of sweetpotatoes. The goal of this research was to improve the quantity of -carotene of the high dry mass local sweetpotato cultivars through hybridisation with the high -carotene content introduced genotypes. Two high -carotene parents exhibited positive high general combining ability effects, indicating that additive gene effects were predominant in the inheritance of -carotene. Reciprocal mean squares were significant (p=0.01) for -carotene content. The estimate of narrow sense heritability of -carotene (20.9%) was much lower. These results suggest that genetic gains will be slow for ····· 10361146703

Nutrient Dynamics for Coastal Aquaculture of Bangladesh

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Bangladesh is blessed with the beautiful gifts of nature. Coastal aquaculture is an ancient and well established practice in Bangladesh but also blamed for causing environmental degradation. The research determines the nutreint biogeochemistry and its relationship of shrimp health management for tidal water exchange based coastal aquaculture activity of south-coast of Bangladesh. This study indiacated that Reuse of water from other closely located shrimp ponds resulted in poor nutrient enrichment. One advice is that using re-used water for shrimp farming should be avoided. Further, when shrimps are farmed in a poorly managed environment, both growth and survival rates of shrimp would decrease. Proper management of shrimp production system is related to control of shrimp disease. Present study also pointed out that present practice of culture system has no risk of environmental humiliation in aquatic environment of shrimp farming in South-Easr Coast of Bangladesh ····· 10361146696

Genetic And Phenotypic Characterization Of The Namaqua Afrikaner Sheep

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Genetic and phenotypic characterisation is essential for the conservation and utilisation of farm animal genetic resources, especially indigenous types that are often disregarded due to lower production potential compared to commercial breeds. In this study a genetic characterisation was performed on 144 Namaqua Afrikaner sheep kept at the Karakul Experimental Station (KES) and Carnarvon Experimental Station (CES) and a private farm Welgeluk (WGK) using 22 ISAG recommended microsatellite markers. Results of this study showed that the mean number of alleles were low (3.6 for KES to 4.2 for WGK) for the loci tested. Heterozygosity values across loci ranged between 46% for WGK, 48% for KES and 55% for CES, indicating low to moderate genetic variation within the different populations. The AMOVA analyses revealed that 89.5% of the genetic variation in the breed was due to the differences within populations and 10.5% due to differences between populations. The genetic distance estimates revealed a close relationship between the CES and WGK populations. The population structure confirmed the differentiation of three clusters with relationships between the CES and WGK populations. ····· 10361146687

Genetic Parthenocarpy in Tomato

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Very low selfed and crossed seeds in Oregon Pride indicated that marked higher GA and Auxin concentration in the ovary leading to anticipated ovary growth and parthenocarpy might have resulted in impaired fertilization by either enhancing ovule abortion or reducing the pollen tube growth.Six genetic populations of three crosses suggested that the expression of parthenocarpy in the segregating population of all crosses with the involvement of the second gene designated as `ii`, which influenced the pat-2 gene having major effect for the control of parthenocarpy. Inheritance of parthenocarpy (pat-2 pat-2 ii ii), stem pigmentation (aw+/aw), leaf character (c+/c) and their joint segregation could not detect genetic linkages between parthenocarpy and these two marker genes. The low seededness coupled with high quality hybrids may be developed by utilizing parthenocarpic tomato line in a hybridization programme. This book may help both research scholars and commercial growers to know ideal conditions for growing parthenocarpic tomatoes. As multiplication of parthenocarpic tomato is really very difficult thereby an attempt has been taken to develop tissue culture protocol for the purpose. ····· 10361146660

Agro-based materials

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Lignocellulosics, simply referred as Agro-based resources, are the resources that contain cellulose, hemicelluloses and lignin. These generally include wood, agricultural residues, water plants, grasses and other plant substances . Their composition, properties and structure that make them suitable for uses such as composite, textile, pulp and paper manufacture. In addition, agro-fibers can also be used to produce fuel, chemicals, enzymes and food. The work presented in this book includes the analysis of chemical composition, anatomical characteristic, anatomy, lignin distribution, fiber dimension, cell wall structure, thermal properties, x-ray diffraction, microfibril angle and single fiber testing (bundle) of empty fruit bunch (EFB), oil palm trunk (OPT), oil palm frond (OPF), coconut (COIR), pineapple leaf (PALF), banana stem (BS) and bagasse (BG) fibers. ····· 10361146624

Credibility of Sub Assistant Agricultural Officer

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The study was conducted to determine and describe the credibility of Sub-Assistant Agricultural Officer (SAAO) in extension service as perceived by the farmers and explore the relationship between the selected characteristics of the farmers and their perception of creditability of SAAO of DAE in the Bhaluka Upazilla under Mymensingh District. Kachina Union among the 11 Union of Bhaluka Upazilla selected purposively as the locale of the study. Farmers of Kachina, Batazor and Palgoan village under Kachina Union constituted the population of the study. A list of 1051 farmers from the selected villages was prepared with the help of Sub-Assistant Agricultural Officer of this area. Ten (10) percent of the population was randomly selected from the list of total population. Thus, 105 farmers constituted the sample of the study. The independent variables were: age, level of education, family size, farm size, annual income, training exposure, reading of newspaper, reading of agricultural printed materials, listening farm radio talk and watching agricultural TV programs. The dependent variable of this study was the credibility of SAAO in extension service as perceived by the farmers. ····· 10361146618

Physico-Chemical Assessment of Whey Incorporated Cereal Based Snacks

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Whey protein is not something new and has been available for hundreds of years.Whey protein has been a superstar ingredient for other types of products including one`s formulated for infant nutrition and immune support.Whey is obtained as a by product during manufacturing of cheese,chhana,paneer and other products.With the growing popularity of dairy beverage and other products among busy,active,health conscious consumers as well as increasing interest by general population in high protein,low carbohydrate diets,many dairy food manufacturers are looking for ways to boost the protein levels of foods such as yogurt, frozen desserts,snacks.Whey is ideal for such applications,as whey not only can improve the nutritional profit of dairy foods,it provides functionality too.Considering the importance of whey the following study has been undertaken to assess the nutritional value of whey incorporated developed products and their acceptance. ····· 10361146617

Maize, a Promising Crop for Food Security in Ethiopia

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The ability to select a profitable variety is often tied to the ability to predict the conditions under which that crop will be grown and the effects of technological changes. Appropriate management practices like manipulation of planting date, seeding rate and selection of the right variety increases yield and further helps to develop strategies towards food security and sustainable development. This book, therefore, provides a success on the production and management practices of maize that can speed up our way towards food security. Field experiment was conducted in split plot design with three replications having three sowing dates as main plot and the combination of three seeding rate and three varieties as sub plot treatment in eastern Ethiopia. The analysis showed yield in ton/ha was significantly high due to second sowing at a population density level of 44,444 plants/ha at both Hirna and Rarre. However yield in ton per hectare at Hirna was high at first sown BH-660 at a seeding rate of 44,444 plants/ha. Inconsistency of interaction effects indicates that there is a need to determine optimum plant population density for each variety in each location. ····· 10361146611

Monitoring and Management of Mango Fruit Flies

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Mango (Mangifera indica Linnaeus) is known as king of fruits in India and is considered as one of the most delicious, exotic, nutritious and attractive fruit. This fruit is recognized as a good source of -carotene, vitamin A, vitamin B complex, vitamin C, nutritive minerals, digestive sugars and trace elements. However, insect pest problem is one of the major limiting factors in mango production. In the above perspective, this book comprehends the growth, development, reproduction and spatial distribution pattern of different life stages to generate basic data helpful in understanding the population dynamics and management of mango fruit flies (Bactrocera spp., Diptera:Tephritidae). ····· 10361146602

Suppression of Seed-Borne Fungi of Vicia Faba by Compost

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Twenty-six seed samples of six susceptible faba bean cultivars. A total number of 20 fungal species belonging to 13 genera were observed and identified. When comparing the recommended testing methods.The pathogenicity test, revealed that the most effective isolate on pre-, post-emergence damping-off and stunted seedlings were Fusarium verticillioides, Rhizoctonia solani, Cephalosporium sp., and Verticillium dahliae. It was shown that both compost extracts had an inhibitory effect on linear growth and sporulation of tested fungi in vitro and the inhibition was positively correlated to the extract concentration. When the yeast Saccharomyces cervaisae was applied as antagonist organism, it decreased the disease severity (pre-, post-emergence damping-off and stunted seedlings) caused by both Fusarium solani and Verticillium dahliae respectively.The results proved that the addition of compost treatments to soil improve the physical and chemical properties of the soil.In addition to the chemical properties of faba bean seeds so as compost (1) was more effective in increasing NPK concentrations and total protein while decreased heavy metal content (Ni, Pb and Cd). ····· 10361146601

Regional Disparities of Agricultural Development in Assam

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Regional imbalance is a ubiquitous phenomenon in both developed and developing economies. But in the latter it is more acute and glaring. It is being increasingly recognized, both on theoretical and empirical grounds, and experiences of the developing countries shows that at least in the initial stages of economic development, considerable regional imbalances in development arises. Reservation have, however, been expressed about the need to take deliberate policy measures to remove these increasing regional disparities in the levels of living. Regional disparity exists in agricultural development in Assam, North East India. The present study measures the extent of regional disparities in agricultural development in Assam and examines the factors responsible for them. This book may help researcher in social sciences to have an idea about regional disparities and to use appropriate tools to quantify such disparities. This book may also help policy-makers to adopt area specific agricultural development strategy so as to secure regional balance in agricultural development and boost up the pace of agricultural and economic development. ····· 10361146587

Dissemination of Sunflower Hybrids

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Pakistan has been constantly and recurrently deficient in edible oil production. At present, about 70% of the domestic needs are met through imports. Since, 1970s its import amplified at the rate of 12.5% annually and the tendency will further not only persist but will also get deteriorate with increase in population. However, efforts have been made to enhance its local production. The area under oilseed crops during 1990-91 was 473,000 ha with the production of 3650,000 tones, which was 748,000 ha producing 4767,000 tones in 2008-09. Sunflower with high oil yield per unit area have emerged major oilseed crop and have the potential to reduce the gap between production and utilization of edible oil. ····· 10361146549

Forest fire hazard rating assessment using Landsat TM image

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The main factors included in the development of the forest fire hazard rating system in this study are fuel types (based on classifications of land-cover types), and the proximity of forests to roads and canals. These have been identified as the most critical factors contributing to fire as described by many researches. The analysis for this study found, the area affected by fire includes a variety of land covers even the agricultural categories. The areas with medium and low slopes (under 40%) were also ranked as medium and low fire hazard respectively. As a conclusion, the integration of remote sensing and GIS techniques in this study made it possible to create an effective fire hazard rating model and to develop a detailed fire hazard rating map for the study area. This integration of spatial variables, therefore, is extremely useful and beneficial for forest fire research. ····· 10361146546

Seed Borne Fungal Pathogens of Rice

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This book is the result of finding of a research conducted on rice seeds collected from Syangja district of Nepal. There were forty-five different varieties of rice seed including improved, hybrid and local collected from farmers and tested in laboratory to find different fungal pathogens. Seven different species of fungal pathogens were detected with various level of seed infection. Improved and hybrid varieties were found to be infected higher than that of local varieties. Nine different treatments including chemicals and different local botanicals were tested for their efficacy to control those pathogens also. ····· 10361146527

Seed Vigor in Vetches

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The influence of priming treatments on speed of germination of woolly pod vetch seeds was more manifested on seeds stored for one year. Outstanding speed of germination results were achieved when one year old seeds of woolly pod vetch were primed in distilled water, and 0.155 or 0.310 M solutions of KNO3. Similarly, a substantial influence of priming treatments on the speed of germination of common vetch seeds was evident when seeds stored for one or two years were primed with distilled water ····· 10361146467

Fishing Gear and Diversity of Fishes of Karatoya River in Bangladesh

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Bangladesh is a riverine country. A large number of rivers are present here. Among these, Karatoya river is the most ancient and plays a vital role in the development of livelihood status of local fishermen. At present, because of increasing the use of different types of destructive fishing gear, fish diversity decreases gradually as a result of over-exploitation. For this, study on fishing gear and diversity of fishes of this river is very important and according to the spirit of the age. This book provides some general information s on fishing gear and their operating system, diversity of fishes and their present status, and socio-economic status of the adjacent fishermen. This book would be beneficial for fishermen, researchers, government and non-government organizations, and other peoples related to this subject. ····· 10361146443

Effect of Rootstocks on Perlette Grape (vitis vinifera l.) in Nursery

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Perlette is a popular cultivar of grapes (Vitis vinifera L.) in India. It do not have compatible and efficient rootsystem to be successful in Indian soils. The rootstocks viz. St. George, C-1616, C-1613 were never tested for this variety in India. The compatibility of Perlette with these rootstocks and efficiency of these rootstocks in terms of nitrogen, potassium, phosphorous and sulphur absorption and in checking the accumulation of sodium and chloride salts were tested. The incidence of Anthracnose, Cercospora leaf spot and Downy Mildew was also investigated. The effect of these rootstocks on the vegetative growth and chlorophyll content of Perlette was also observed. ····· 10361146426

Farmers` Motivation to Join Farmer Based Organizations

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In recent times governments of developing countries have been promoting Farmer Based Organizations as a cost effective approach to Agricultural extension delivery since several farmers can be reached at a time. In view of this, interesting key factors influencing farmers to join or not to join Farmer based Organizations will play an important role in helping nations to address issues confronting Agriculture hence increasing farmer incomes and ensuring food security. ····· 10361146407

Research methods for allelopathic testing under controlled conditions

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Allelopathy was evaluated for a series of rotational crops, namely barley, canola, wheat, lupine, medic, lucerne and, ryegrass in laboratory and greenhouse studies to identify inter-species allelopathic effects. This was followed by a study to test the appropriateness of the Biolog EcoPlateTM as a quick and relatively cheap method of establishing the presence of microbe interactions mediated by allelopathic root leachates from either rotational crops or L. multiflorum x perenne. A bioassay based on thin layer chromatography (TLC) then followed to establish phytotoxic activity of extracts prepared with ethanol, ethyl acetate or dichloromethane on lettuce seed germination and radicle and cotyledon growth. Findings indicate that root exudates can influence the microbial community structure in the rhizosphere and location is an important factor governing plant-plant and plant-microbe interactions. The ethanol extract from fresh, immature ryegrass leaves, significantly inhibited the growth of lettuce radicles and cotyledons. ····· 10361146405

Marketing of Low-Value Cultured Fish in Bangladesh

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The fish marketing system in Bangladesh is traditional, but it plays a vital role in connecting the farmers and consumers, thus contributing significantly in the value adding process. The demand for low-value cultured fish is high in markets due to low price and increases in population but supply is limited, and a strong network has developed with intermediaries and traders intervening between farmers and consumers. The prices of low-value fish depend on species, quality, size and weight, seasonality, supply and demand, location of markets, and market infrastructure. The marketing of low-value cultured fish play an important role to increase food supply. ····· 10361146379

Wild Food Products And Household Food Security

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Wild Food Products and Household Food Security, transcribed from the thesis `Use of Wild Food Products in Relation to Household Food Security in Nepal from Gender Perspective` encompasses a detail case study on buffer zones of Shivapuri National Park and Parsa Wildlife Reserve in Nepal, where crop depredation by wild animals has been playing a prominent role in aggravating the scenario of food insecurity in the rural areas. The research investigates further into gender, income, livelihood, management practice of forest resources and its use in different aspects such as land size, women s participation in conservation, wildlife damage, daily and annual consumption of cultivated and wild food, nutritional status of women, children and chemical analysis of food. The study furthermore emphasizes on property ownership right such as land, women responsibility in household food security and women status in the patriarchal Nepalese society. ····· 10361146369

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