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State Understanding in Modern and Classical Utopias

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We examined in this book the reasons and conclusions of inversion of utopias to dystopias as political theories. We favored handling the thesis as four parts: in the first part, the concepts of utopia and dystopia will be examined in the second part, classical utopias that I preferred to chose, Plato s Republic, Farabi s Virtuous City, Thomas More s Utopia, Tommaso Campanella s The City Of The Sun, and Francis Bacon s New Atlantis will be presented as the main utopias of the world in the third part, modern dystopias, Yevgeny Zamyatin s We, Aldous Huxley s Brave New World, and George Orwell s Nineteen-Eightyfour will be presented as the dark way of utopias and in the fourth part, we will try to put forward the transformation of the utopias into dystopias handling with technology, science, as the means of totalitarianism, which is the main ideology of dystopias. ····· 10361115648

The Left Parties in Russia (1989-1992)

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In the late period of the Soviet Union a number of radical changes were introduced by Mikhail Gorbachev under the Perestroika reforms in an effort to stave off a collapse of the bureaucratic system. Among these was the introduction of semi-democratic reforms that saw limited elections. Politics was reinventing itself from the top down at a rapid pace. The collapse of the USSR and the subsequent economic and social crisis in Russia radically changed forever the political landscape in this ountry. The multi-party system replaced the communist party domination. The rapidly developed social and property differentiation, the complexity and depth of a crisis, the ideological confrontation, the low level of the political culture and some other factors determined the diversity and instability of the multi-party system in Russia, including its left-wing spectrum. The Left Parties in Russia by Evgeny Pashentsev is a unique source for those who need documentary information and statistics on nine Russian political parties. In this single volume you will find comprehensive coverage that is hard to acquire elsewhere, material has been drawn from an impressive number of diverse sources. ····· 10361115527

The Sudan`s dimensions

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The Sudan`s Dimensions explores persistency conflicts in the country on the basic of the three regional relationships. The three regional relationships on the Sudan`s dimensions include Darfur- and Northern Sudan`s relationship, Southern- and Northern Sudan`s relationship, Sudan`s ethnic- vs. religious relationship. The book asserts that the Sudan`s dimensions are caused by people`s aspirations for economic survival when people deem that social identity will get them whatever they wanted. ····· 10361115446

The Federation of Ecologists Alternatives

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In winter 1990, the Federation of Ecologists Alternatives, the first ever Greek green party, found itself in Parliament, just two months after its establishment. It then seemed that the Greek political ecology was finally coming of age, yet after just two years the party collapsed, marking a decade-long eclipse of green politics in Greece. This book presents and discusses the emergence of political ecology in Greece, the formation of the Green party, its electoral and parliamentary record, the internal tensions and external shocks it experienced as well as the reasons leading to the final collapse of the Greek greens. The book is based on extensive archival research and a large number of interviews with key activists of the period. Thus it should be especially useful to students of green parties and politics or anyone else who may be interested in the emergence and early development of the Greek green movement. ····· 10361115328

The European Union as Kantian Neoliberalism

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The European Union is perceived by the European Union scholars as Kantian because of the soft power, the EU values, its aid assistance and the promotion of multilateralism. However, in reality, the European Union is not Kantian because it does not follow Kant`s essay on `Perpetual Peace: A Philosophical Sketch`. The EU has its own standing armies and also behave itself as a big creditor, which are in contrast to Kant`s preliminary article 3 and 4 stated that there should be no standing armies and no international debts. This book will explore the identity of the European Union as Kantian Neoliberalism and the existence of Kant`s Perpetual Peace in the 21st century by using case studies from the EU`s overall Military policies and its development policies. ····· 10361114471

Dr. Kwame Nkrumah A Quest Hero?

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The quest story as a rhetorical analysis tool is one that is credited to Joseph Campbell. Campbell was a mythologist who came to believe that all myths, irrespective of culture or societal differences, have certain key threads running through them. Campbell`s aim with this rhetorical tool therefore, was to show how in the different stories that are found in different cultures, there exist common key threads. This study took as its subject of analysis, a speech given by Dr. Kwame Nkrumah on the occasion of the inauguration of the Volta Dam project on 22 January 1966. Nkrumah is revered as one of the most influential people in the fight for the de-colonialization of Africa. This analysis aims to look at Nkrumah and using this specific speech as an example of his rhetoric, seek to judge whether he can be described as a Hero who embarked on and completed a successful quest by bringing the people of Ghana (a newly independent country) a boon . In other words, was Nkrumah a quest hero on a journey in search of progress and development for his newly independent, but underdeveloped nation ····· 10361113501

ARISTOTLE`S LIBERALISM OF VIRTUE

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Students of Aristotle`s political thought wrestle with a deep tension. If friendship is the basis of community, Aristotle`s ideal community must be rather clannish and exclusive. It is an uncomfortable view of political life from the standpoint of the twenty-first century, both for liberals and liberalism`s critics. And many of Aristotle`s own positions, for example his strong criticism of Plato`s city in speech, do not seem to square with it. Is it the right picture This book argues that, from Aristotle`s perspective, a politics focused on virtue neither necessarily excludes persons who are not fully virtuous from politics nor coerces citizens who are not wholly virtuous into acting well. Aristotle makes debate and community feeling compatible by reconstructing tribal feelings (or associative emotions) into something politically capable. Debate is also transformed in the process by the special commitments one makes when entering into a political association. This, in brief, is Aristotle`s answer to liberals and their critics: A certain kind of community and a certain kind of debate make liberalism possible. ····· 10361113002

The State and the Challenges of Nationhood in Africa

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This study examines Claude Ake`s analysis of the problem of political integration and its continuing relevance for contemporary Africa. One of his major works, A Theory of Political Integration, is discussed in the light of his conception of the conditions for achieving political integration in the new states in the immediate post-independence period. Focusing on Africa, the study discusses the complex web of violent conflict and wars over natural resources from the 1990s as an impediment to political integration in the continent. Epitomized by the erosion of the stateness of many African polities, a renewed salience of informal politics and an adaptation to diminished state presence and service provision, the post-Cold War conflict situations across Africa are significant departures from the Cold War experiences in the continent. This study examines the emergent political complex in the region and establishes how it feeds into the global struggles for natural resources as well as ongoing structures of imbalances characterizing the global flows of capital and Africa`s growing marginalization and poverty. ····· 10361112996

The Evolution of Statehood

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The monograph is devoted to the problems of origins, development and present condition of statehood. It also provides forecasts of political development in the coming decades. The book presents a new approach to the causes and models of the emergence of state and competing with it political forms (early state analogues) and new models of state evolution. Today in full swing are the processes of state`s nature and functions change and countries` integration into supranational communities. In the last chapter there are explained reasons of the inexplicable, at first glance, phenomenon: why modern states voluntarily reduce their sovereign prerogatives. Without analysis of the statehood genesis and development, it is impossible to understand the course of human history and current state of World System as well as the possible directions of its transformation. So we hope the book will interest broad audience, including specialists in globalization studies, political anthropology, philosophy, future studies, historical sociology, and political studies, as well as anyone interested in history and modern political problems and global trends. ····· 10361103057

Signposts

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Signposts: Reading African World Culture is an interdisciplinary collection of essays shaped by the forces that gave rise to the Modern Black Studies Movement. The essays trace both the development of the Black Studies Movement, and the evolution of one of the discipline`s important scholar-practitioners Dr. Norman Harris. The essays are introduced by a prologue that establishes a framework consistent with way African people have traditionally made sense of the world. From there, Harris uses Karenga`s Nguzo Saba to organize the essays into three sections. The first section of essays is titled, `Kujichagulia and Literary Analysis ` the second section is titled `Nia: From Theory to Practice ` and the third section is titled `Imani: Situating 21st Century Learning.` Together, these essays chart a path from more or less traditional academic scholarship to forms of scholarship, advocacy and institution building that are the cornerstone of the Black Studies Movement. This is an important book for anyone wishing to understand the development of Africana Studies, and Black Intellectual History. ····· 10361102484

A Just Culture: restoring justice towards a culture of human rights

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This project seeks to investigate the possibility that the binary opposition between retributive and restorative forms of justice that structures the discourse on justice is unhelpful and unnecessary, particularly for societies seeking to extricate themselves from violent conflict and move towards building peace and democracy. It argues for the importance of considering restorative justice as conceptually and historically prior to the possibility of retributive justice rather than the negation of one or the other, as well as advocate the potentially greater transformative power of the values of restorative justice in the context of post-conflict peacebuilding. The theoretical arguments of the paper culminate in an analysis of its application in South Africa`s Truth and Reconciliation Commission. ····· 10361101959

FROM THE GREEN REVOLUTION TO THE GENE REVOLUTION

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The successes` of the green and gene revolutions in agriculture have been greatly compromised by corporate greed explicit in neo-liberal globalization. The right to food of millions of people in the world is being compromised by the profit making antics of corporations like Monsanto. Farmers especially in Africa, Asia and South America are slowly but steadily losing complete control over organic seed management and are being forced to depend on corporate seed companies that are driven by profit accumulation instead of pro-poor agricultural empowerment.Using the WTO,IMF and World Bank, governments in the so called south have been forced to open their markets as developed nations close theirs. This ruse is intended to suffocate economies in the south in the politics of export dumping, TRIPS, subsidies, organic agricultural alienation and extirpation. World over,farmers are protesting against the genetically modified seeds of seed corporations and are advocating for a paradigm shift from genetic to organic agriculture.Are you confused about green and gene revolutions This book is a must read for you. ····· 10361101945

IS AFRICA POOR BECAUSE OF A DIVINE CURSE?

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Many scholars, elites and pastors are propelling the lie that Africa is poor because it is cursed. The fact that Africa is not coming out of her` poverty despite the billions pumped into the continent in terms of aid is luring many individuals to simplistically deduce that Africa`s poverty must be situated in a divine curse. Many individuals can not understand the fundamentals behind Africa`s poverty problematic because they are very ignorant of the implications of the global paradigm shift from liberal to neo-liberal capitalism and hence the poverty and injustices engendered` by this paradigm shift. Many scholars are giving liberal poverty solutions to a neo-liberal problematic. To make matters worse, some pastors and elites are propagating the deception that Africa is poor because of witchcraft, ancestral worship, occultism, blood shed, sexual sins etc. This argument is flawed because these vices are also rampant in rich western nations. This book situates Africa`s poverty and governance problematic in the neo-liberal imperative of creating slave states. The book shows that the so called African liberators and democrats are mere conduits of American neo-liberal interests. ····· 10361101698

The Politicization of Ethnicity as a Prelude to War:

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This interdisciplinary research develops a frameworkor a model for the study of the politicization ofethnicity, a process that transforms peaceful ethnicconflict into violent inter-ethnic conflict. Thehypothesis investigated in this study is that theethnopolitical conflict that led to the break up offormer Yugoslavia was the result of deliberatepoliticization of ethnicity. The model consists ofthree variables ethnic entrepreneurs as actors, andmass media and political rhetoric as their tools forpoliticization of ethnicity. Ethnic entrepreneurs,with a conscious interest in mobilizing ethnicity,are given this opportunity in transitional societiesin which politicized ethnicity has become the crucialprinciple of political legitimation. This studyseeks to explain how political leaders may turn intoethnic entrepreneurs and then draw upon existingnon-violent ethnic tensions and conflict (aphenomenon existing in every multiethnic society) togenerate ethnopolitical conflict. The propositions ofthe model will be tested through a case study ofYugoslavia, specifically, a comparative study of theYugoslav subunits Croatia and Serbia. ····· 10361101612

BUSHRA ZULFIQAR

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Thinking from the Heart is a collection of candid essays on contemporary issues of a broad range. It encapsulates the implications of a capitalist and neo-liberal economic order on a globalized and inter- connected world and draws linkages to resulting gendered dimensions and divisions of economic, social and political roles. Writer`s views on the importance of education and equality of economic opportunities, sovereignty and American imperialism, are reflective of the way the youth of the global south condemns extremism, on their own terms. The interesting encounters within Pakistan have been written with sensitivity and humor which represent the diversity and dynamism which lies within. ····· 10361101478

The Summing up of Genocidal Violence in Burundi

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Milk and honey country was commonly well known name of Burundi before 1991 and 1993. The political elites from independent 1961 to 1990 hardly gave any speech without telling citizens to be thankful to nature and Almighty for granting them a country of honey and milk. Burundi is located in east-center of African German territory before 1st world war. Burundi is a landlocked, resource-poor country with an underdeveloped manufacturing sector.Today the so called honey and milk country has become bloody and lawless country. The power elite do not trust anything or anyone even among themselves. Until 1990, the number of Burundian residing outsides as refugees was mostly one ethnical group. In contrast, today, none of Burundian, even the top leaders feel secure. This work clarifies and highlights the causes and possible solutions to bring back the trust among all citizens. He welcomes feedback, suggestions, comment etc, from readers to upgrade this academic work. Finally, sincere thanks to this LAMBERT academic publishing for publishing this work. It is hoped that many would love to read this book and benefit from its content. ····· 10361101328

IN DEFENSE OF EDMUND BURKE`S ARISTOCRATIC ORDER

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This book disputes the widely-held view of Edmund Burke as the wellspring and the source of modern conservatism, arguing that Burke`s defense of the aristocratic order and his distinct conservatism makes his political thought incompatible with the visions of contemporary conservatism. Author presents a defense of Burke`s political philosophy against contemporary conservative scholars who have revised the originality of Burke`s thought in order to mold him into a modern conservative. It is argued that Burke`s conservatism is embedded in his defense of the existing institutions of the social order and his use of such conceptual tools as historicism, tradition, prescription, and prudence to justify this defense. Furthermore, author demonstrates the revisionist tendencies of modern conservatives and their attempt to marginalize Burke`s appeal to the aristocratic order as an intrinsic part of Burke`s conservatism. Finally, the fundamental differences between Burke`s conservatism and those of the revisionists are explored, demonstrating that Burke`s conservatism is antithetical to the claims of contemporary revisionists conservatism. ····· 10361101251

Rise of Radical Right in the Balkans during Europeanization Process

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Both in Greece and Bulgaria Radical Right Parties have gained parliamentary representation since the year 2000. Their main promises focused on the wrongdoings of their governments as they followed the steps for further Europeanization and opening up their societies in a more multicultural environment within strongly national states. Both parties use similar methods to promote their ideologies references to the roots of their nation, irredentist claims, the oppression their nation had suffered in history, how globalization poses as a major threat, the fear that minorities and immigrants taking over the country and state. Moreover the initial steps that both parties took resemble each other charismatic leaders from popular media organizing anti-government rallies and starting debates on how the country is being governed wrongly. Reflecting onto the nationalist populism, both LAOS and ATAKA managed to create a radical rightist space in the Greek and Bulgarian societies, eventually to win seats in parliament. Throughout 2000s, leaders of both parties gained further support via resistance against European norms and values concerning the minorities and immigrants and continue to rise. ····· 10361101082

Contemporary Left Politics in South Africa

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The heuristic value of the political dichotomy Left and Right has been the subject of much debate since the end of the Cold War. In South Africa, the two terms are frequently used to describe political contestation within the ruling African National Congress (ANC)and the Tri-partite Alliance between the ANC, the South African Communist Party and the Congress of South African Trade Unions. However, what is behind the label Left` Writing about the Tri-partite Alliance is often focused on turf- and ideological battles. In this book, however, we seek to interrogate what these labels mean at the coal face of politics, in the Eastern Cape province. It will be argued that the Alliance Left is, in its practice, largely concerned with what insiders refer to as politics of influence`, rather than with politics of structural transformation`. This book should be read by students, researchers and others who want to understand the politics of the Tri-partite Alliance in South Africa. The book is also useful for anyone who would like to get a better understanding of contemporary politics in the Eastern Cape province. ····· 10361101045

Vaterland Europa

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Bronislaw Huberman hat sich zu dem Gedanken Paneuropas schon auf dem ersten Paneuropa-Kongreß 1926 bekannt. Seither wirkte er in Wort und Schrift, in zahlreichen Vorträgen, in den Hauptstädten Europas für die ihm heilige Idee. Vaterland Europa ist der Appell eines überragenden, denkenden Künstlers, der zur Rettung des Kontinents und seiner Kultur zum Zusammenschluß der führenden Geister aufruft, da die führenden Staatsmänner Jahr um Jahr und Konferenz um Konferenz versagen. Was Huberman an positiven Gedanken zur Aufrichtung eines einheitlichen Europas vorbringt: das Niederreißen der Zollschranken, die Aufstellung eines einheitlichen Heeres, vieles andere noch ist von überzeugender Schlagkraft und, wenn er ausführt, daß die Hoffnung auf die Verwirklichung eines Einheitseuropas in viel geringerem Maße eine Utopie darstellt und ein weit weniger schwieriges Problem als die Aufrechterhaltung des gegenwärtigen verworrenen und in jeder Beziehung katastrophalen europäischen Zustandes, so leuchtet nichts mehr ein als diese Feststellung. Schon wegen der einen Deduktion, daß vor allem in einem Paneuropa von morgen kein Bruderkrieg mehr möglich sein wird, verlohn es sich, sich mit Hubermans Anregungen sehr ernstlich zu beschäftigen. (...) Was er jetzt zu seinem Thema und zu seinen Vorschlägen (...) vorbringt, ist blendend erzählt und Seite um Seite lesenswert.Prager Presse vom 26.10.1932 ····· 10361100610

Edmund Burke, The French Revolution, and The Enlightenment

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Reflections as a classic text cannot be understood without analyzing it within its historical-philosophical context. On its historical side, it was written in order to defend the 18th century British political system against the omnipresent air of change in Europe. On its philosophical side, Reflections is an inside critique of the Enlightenment thought. Although Burke was by no means an anti-Enlightenment hero, he developed a criticism of the exaggerated role that the Enlightenment put on the concepts of reason, progress, and rights of man by replacing the abstract reason with practical reason, contextualizing the discourse of the rights of men with that of the rights of Englishmen, and excluding the concept of perfection from his theory of prudent reform. Whilst Burke was attacking to the Revolutionaries as metaphysicians, to the paper money and unimpeded monied interest as the tyranny of economists, to the infallible reason as the secular superstition, and to the extremely self-assured will to defame everything associated with the past and to recreate a new world from scratch in an abrupt process, he was directly launching a crusade to the very heart of the Enlightenment. ····· 1036192210

Orígenes, desarrollo y consecuencias de la Guerra Fría Secreta

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El terrorismo revolucionario fue el camino que unió el Terror jacobino, la Narodnaya Volya, el Partido Social Revolucionario, el terrorismo internacional anarquista, los fenecianos irlandeses, el socialismo europeo y la Inteligencia soviética en un esfuerzo continuado por establecer una nueva fe política y social. En este contexto, la confrontación política, económica, social y militar de las dos superpotencias, durante la Guerra Fría, les llevó a desarrollar una Guerra Secreta con el apoyo y fomento de acciones terroristas, golpes de estado, guerras de guerrillas, manipulación de elecciones y tráfico internacional de drogas en todo el globo. Por todo ello, de las acciones terroristas de la OLP se implementaría una Red Internacional Terrorista (FPLP, IRA, ETA, FARC, Baader Meinhof, etc), con la colaboración de países como la URSS, Libia o Irak. A lo cual la OTAN reaccionó creando la Red Gladio. Comenzaba así el patrocinio estatal del terrorismo del que la propia OLP se liberaría desarrollando un sistema de financiación propio que liberaría las acciones de la Internacional Terrorista, a escala Global, y permitiría la creación de los primeros Estados-embrión. ····· 1036191209

Los intelectuales y la creación de la democracia

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La relación entre los intelectuales y la política es un capítulo fundamental en el derrotero de las sociedades modernas. Desde el Iluminismo y la trasnformación de la esfera pública, los intelectuales han ido ocupando progresivamente un lugar de mayor visibilidad en la vida pública de las naciones. A través de distintos usos del lenguaje y de símbolos culturales, las capas intelectuales han activado una forma singular del discurso social: el referido a la construcción de conceptos y representaciones para comprender y también organizar los comportamientos sociales. Sin embargo y de un tiempo a estar parte, en cuanto figura histórica, el intelectual ha ingresado en un zona de indeterminación respecto de su rol social, a medio camino entre la especialización y la universalidad.Este libro explora un momento clave de esos cambios históricos: cómo durante los años `80 en Argentina -años de transición democrática- desde las ciencias sociales un conjunto de intelectuales creó en un registro conceptual distintos significados desde los cuáles es posible comprender la democracia en un contexto posautoritario en el marco de la crisis de los relatos que por largo tiempo alumbraron la modernidad ····· 1036190320

El choque de civilizaciones, veinte años después

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Este ensayo es una crítica que hace una valoración a fondo de la obra de Huntington `El choque de civilizaciones y la reconfiguración del orden mundial`. Las discrepancias han sido matizadas y se apoyan en autores reconocidos. Se ve cómo hay descalificaciones a esta obra capital que caen en errores graves: hacerle decir cosas que no dice, o atacarla por no pensar como el crítico, sin entrar en los argumentos del propio libro, o imaginarse lo que pone sin conocer más que el título, aunque sea tan sugerente que se puede llegar a pensar que se conoce su contenido de antemano. Es también una reflexión. Se va más allá de lo que el autor dijo de las diferentes civilizaciones, especialmente de esas de las que Huntington apenas dice nada, y se atreve a buscar nuevos datos para continuar la reflexión sobre ellas en el estilo en que él lo haría, pero sin renunciar a sus ideas, aunque es consciente de lo abiertas a matizaciones que son muchos de sus juicios. `Sé que es imposible la objetividad, aunque la busco. Uno siempre habla desde el propio lugar en el mundo, que en mi caso es el de un occidental, crítico con su cultura, interesado en las otras, pero que reflexiona desde la suya.` ····· 1036190301

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