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Geomorphological analysis of a drainage basin

für 44.10€ kaufen ···· Rheinberg-Buch.de - Bücher, eBooks, DVD & Blu-ray
The Prime purpose of this book is to present the basic principles of geomorphology. A short glance is presented on the geology of a tectonic valley, named Dang Valley, of the Mid-Western Nepal. The basic concept to formulate the origin of the tectonic valley is also presented in the book. These tasks are carried out through the analysis of different drainage parameters. The parameters are discussed in brief and values are obtained using the Geographical Information System (GIS) software called Integrated Land and Water Information System (ILWIS). The book is useful for the instructors and discerning students for a deeper study on the field of drainage basin analysis. ····· 10361116231

Simulation and Modeling Techniques in Gravity Inversion Analysis

für 44.10€ kaufen ···· Rheinberg-Buch.de - Bücher, eBooks, DVD & Blu-ray
Quantitative determination of variable or differential density contrasts and position of contact surfaces in an intermediate horizontal layer for a sub-surface structure has been demonstrated. In particular a sub-surface dipping dike with apriori depth-dependent density contrasts was adopted in the forward modeling. Since geophysical fields observations are not error-free, the possible errors and error effects in the determination of differential density contrasts and positions of contacts surface has too been undertaken. Errors and error effects in disturbing masses considered were due to deviations due to inaccurate average depth of layer, distortions due to assigned layer thickness or assumed density, top surface only being identical to observations surface and layer being approximated as surface covered with a loaded mass. Height error limits on height measurements were too investigated using the geological materials modeled for a sub-surface dipping dike. The simulation and modeling technique adopted here in the gravity inversion should be useful to geologists and geophysicists in their prospecting applications in petroleum and geothermal exploration, mining etc. ····· 10361116200

Upper mantle rocks from Kozákov and Horní Bory, Bohemian Massif

für 53.10€ kaufen ···· Rheinberg-Buch.de - Bücher, eBooks, DVD & Blu-ray
Geochemical studies of upper mantle rocks (peridotites) provide insights into the Earth`s upper mantle evolution from the Archean to the present. This is because mantle processes play a key role in the formation of continents and largely assign geochemical properties of the Earth`s crust. This book represents geochemical study of upper mantle rocks at two sites from different geological settings of the Bohemian Massif (Czech Republic) Kozákov and Horní Bory. These localities were chosen as unique mantle suites, which could provide insights into the upper mantle processes (mantle depletion, metasomatism, melt-rock reactions) and behaviour of trace and highly siderophile elements in the upper mantle. Therefore, this book is of a broad relevance to all people involved in the Earth`s upper mantle. ····· 10361116131

Thirty Years of Natural Disasters and Their Impacts 1976 - 2006

für 71.10€ kaufen ···· Rheinberg-Buch.de - Bücher, eBooks, DVD & Blu-ray
The present book provides an account of the impact made by the disasters on the state of Tamil Nadu, India. Detailed analysis about human lives, houses destroyed, houses damaged, damage to crops, cattle lost and damage to roads etc., have been analysed for district and taluk level for the state. The analysis will help to prioritize the district for further disaster risk reduction programmes. ····· 10361115902

A digital approach to field geology

····· lezzter Preis 44.10€ ···· Rheinberg-Buch.de - Bücher, eBooks, DVD & Blu-ray
In the era of digital technologies many field- geologists still find it difficult to dismiss the analogical instrumentation they usually employ in their outdoor activities. They are still bound to paper maps and coloured pencils for collecting and recording data. This book is devoted to those geologists looking for an help to make a step in the digital era and take advance of all benefits of new technologies. The book is written as a technical manual and covers with an high level of detail the whole workflow from data schematization to result dissemination. The steps involved cover the analysis of to-be-collected information, the choice of most suitable hardware, the adoption and customization of software, the on-field best practices, the office data reworking, the 2D geological map dissemination and, as the final glimpse, the data transfer to 3D modelling environments. Most of the suggested software is either open source or freeware. Commercial software is used just where no adequate free tool is available for the specific purpose. ····· 10361115817

Water Quality in the Gomati River Basin of the Ganga Plain, India

für 53.10€ kaufen ···· Rheinberg-Buch.de - Bücher, eBooks, DVD & Blu-ray
Rivers are the most important freshwater resource playing an important role in human development. In northern India, the 900-km-long Gomati River (the Ganga River tributary) acts as a lifeline for nearly 50 million people heavily dependent on it for their localized sources of food and water supply in the Ganga Plain. The assessment of chemical water quality of the Gomati River System mainly based on dissolved concentrations of major (Ca, Mg, P, K, Si and Na) and trace (Al, As, Ba, Cr, Cu, Fe, Pb, Mn, Hg, Ni, Rb, Sr and Zn) elements is done in this study. Main emphasis is given on the interpretation of resulting data enveloping with geogenic variations and anthropogenic influences. Based on World Health Organisation permissible limits and Swedish bottled water data, the present study concludes that the Gomati River water is chemically of good quality, except for Hg. Discussions provide an environmental understanding of alluvial rivers and also give equally important practical advice on management of the Ganga River. This book has been an invaluable case study for students of earth sciences, environmental sciences and water resource management. ····· 10361115808

Understanding the nature of a frontier reservoir

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Deep-marine channel complexes continue to emerge as potential hydrocarbon reservoirs, this is why understanding them becomes increasingly important in an industry that perennially chases the next frontier source of energy. This study examines the architecture and depositional history of a classic example in the Canadian cordillera and provides insight into the behaviour of such deposits and ideal exploration targets. ····· 10361115613

Structural and Stratigraphic Interpretation of 2D Seismic Data

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This book is intended as a comprehensive discussion of the most interesting and valuable aspect of geophysical exploration, that is Structural and Stratigraphic Interpretation of 2D Seismic Data and Rock Physics Analysis for Reservoir Characterization The Author has endeavored to present the subject as an attempt to understand some basic concepts about 2D seismic Data Interpretation and Rock Physics and to develop understandings to interpret the Petrophysical properties by some manual techniques e.g. making Cross Plots. The book begins with the introduction of the study area, its geology and stratigraphy, then the Interpretation procedure of 2D Seismic Data and ends with the Petrophysical Analysis for Reservoir Characterization. And here almost a practical approach is made based on a specific area which is beneficial and provides good results for researchers and undergraduates ····· 10361115560

HEAVY METAL POLLUTION AND RESPONSE OF FORAMINIFERA

für 71.10€ kaufen ···· Rheinberg-Buch.de - Bücher, eBooks, DVD & Blu-ray
An understanding of Estuaries and estuarine mixing process makes important contributions to the development of water, sediment and biological sciences, and hence is of environmental response in various issues related to pollution. This book provides a comprehensive research in environmental sciences and sedimentation processes, thereby filling a conspicuous gab in the marginal marine sedimentary environment. This book will gives a clear picture about the heavy metal pollution and implications to biological environment. The main descriptive features of commonly occurring processes are covered fully and author indicate how these factors controlled by various environmental processes. The book profusely illustrated with line and surfer drawings, and this this aspect should enhance its usefulness to the readers. ····· 10361114663

Jenergetika awtokolebatel`noj sistemy Zemli

für 89.01€ kaufen ···· Rheinberg-Buch.de - Bücher, eBooks, DVD & Blu-ray
Eshhe v nachale 20-h godov proshlogo stoletiya V.I. Vernadskij pisal, `o neobhodimosti sozdaniya `nauki budushhego`, nauki - izuchajushhej `jenergetiku nashej planety. `Obrazovanie neftej - odno iz proyavlenij ogromnoj vazhnosti processa, peredachi jenergii solnca cherez zhivoe veshhestvo v glubokie sloi planety.` V.I. Vernadskij, 1924. Opredeleny svyazujushhie zven`ya geoprocessov. Opredelen komplex dejstvujushhih faktorov otvetstvennyh za generaciju mineralogicheskih associacij i koncentraciju mineral`nogo syr`ya v blokah zemnoj kory. Pokazana svyaz` dejstvujushhih faktorov s istoriej geologicheskogo razvitiya sistemy Zemli. Sistema tektonosfery porozhdaet vremennye i prostranstvennye neodnorodnosti tektonicheskih dvizhenij, stol` vazhnye dlya geologov s teoreticheskoj i prakticheskoj tochki zreniya, a takzhe fiziko-himicheskie processy, geneticheski svyazannye s silami gravitacii, vzaimodejstvujushhimi polyami napryazheniya, volnoj jenergii i centrobezhnymi silami vrashhajushhejsya sistemy Zemli. ····· 10361114454

Palyno-Geochemical Study of Southwestern Chad Basin

für 71.10€ kaufen ···· Rheinberg-Buch.de - Bücher, eBooks, DVD & Blu-ray
The Chad Basin is the largest intracratonic basin in Africa, with one-tenth of its surface area located along the NE-SW transect of the Bornu Basin. This study characterized the lithofacies and infers possible hydrocarbon potentials of the basin. Integrated analytical methods involving Palyno-stratigraphic, Sedimentological and Organic geochemical studies were employed on ditch samples retrieved from exploratory wells.The palynological zones were identified.Sedimentological analysis indicates that the sandstone units` range from poorly to well sorted with angular to sub rounded grains. The TOC and the Rock Eval parameters indicate marginally mature, poor liquid hydrocarbon generating potential. Eight palynological zones were identified. The source rock potentials exhibited by the basin were moderate. The northward basinward decrease in maturation and corresponding increase of TOC in the upper section of the Fika Shale Formation suggest increase in sedimentation. The higher thermal maturation at volcanically active basin flanks were the most prospective area where the phase of hydrocarbon expulsion may be reached. ····· 10361114448

Metallic Ore Deposits of the Nubian Shield in Egypt

für 71.10€ kaufen ···· Rheinberg-Buch.de - Bücher, eBooks, DVD & Blu-ray
In Egypt Au, Cu-Zn ,BIF, Sn-W,W-Mo, SN-Nb-Ta deposits occur in Nubian Shield Tectonic environs control distribution of 120 vein and dyke gold deposits. Promising Au sites are given. Seven Zn-Cu- Pb-As ores occur in island arc meta-volcanic suites. Liho-structures control its distribution and present position that favored record of new Cu-Zn mineralization in arcute meta-volcanic belt at W. Allaqi upper reaches. Cu-Pb ore in meta-volcano- sediments exists in Um Zerieq-Kid in Sinai. Copper porphyry could exist at Um Qiesum granodiorite porphyry. Algoma-type BIF in island arc meta- andesite and its tuffs occur at 13 localities in the Eastern Desert with 50 million tons reserves of concentrate. Tremendous Superior Lake BIF exists in Archaean gneisses in Owienat district. Both BIF ores are rich in gold. Magmatic Muscovite-microcline quartz-albite granites existing in Abu Dabbab, Igla and Nuweibi in the Eastern Desert are Sn-W and Sn- Nb- Ta bearing. ····· 10361114440

SUN-EARTH-COSMIC CONNECTION

für 53.10€ kaufen ···· Rheinberg-Buch.de - Bücher, eBooks, DVD & Blu-ray
This book provides a thought for the future research of the most advanced interdisciplinary research in contemporary science. Sun-Earth-Cosmic connection is an evolving technology to know the dynamic processes that occur in the Sun and influence the thermosphere- ionosphere-atmosphere-hydrosphere-biosphere and the whole geosphere. The author relates that the extra terrestrial remote sensing observation coupled with earth based sensor like cosmic ray detector has the potential to predict life of satellites in space, earthquake, snowfall, rainfall, tornado, draught and epidemics of biological system. The technology has potential to infer the studies of the human dimensions of global environmental change by comprehensive study of human actions and natural changes. ····· 10361113632

LOWER TAPTI RIVER BASIN

für 61.20€ kaufen ···· Rheinberg-Buch.de - Bücher, eBooks, DVD & Blu-ray
The Lower Tapti River Basin (LTRB) constitutes a significant and integral part of the south Gujarat alluvial plains and provides a unique example of its geomorphic diversity, tectonism, eustatic changes and sedimentological processes. It evidenced events that occurred since Middle Pleistocene up to Holocene and comprises an exhaustive record of Quaternary sediments, resting on the platforms provided by the rocks of Tertiary and Deccan Trap Formations. However, except some cursory information by earlier workers, this area has received very less attention. This book, therefore, based on the field observations, laboratory investigations and other parameters, such as palaeo-geographic conditions, drainage characteristics, landform features, composite litho-stratigraphic succession, nature of sediments, tectonic signatures and seismic evidences, presents the influence of geological processes during Quaternary times in bringing about the evolution of LTRB and sedimentation history vis-à-vis neotectonic attributes. The present work also furnishes the variation in the land-sea boundary during Quaternary times in LTRB. ····· 10361113284

MANAGEMENT AND CONTROL OF ACID MINE DRAINAGE

····· lezzter Preis 59.00€ ···· Rheinberg-Buch.de - Bücher, eBooks, DVD & Blu-ray
One of the major issues facing the mining industry in the state is the treatment of acidic effluents during and after closure of a mine. Here, in this book, genesis of AMD formation, assessment of acidic drainage in Jaintia Hills, its impact on the environment, causes and management has been addressed. The focus of the book is on development of effective methodologies for management of Acid Mine Drainage from the coal mines and restoration of the environment. Investigation of technological and management approaches for preventing and reducing risks from pollution from the AMD has been made. The report includes the best practical, cost- effective approaches for site specific management of AMD at Jaintia Hills.This book provides a database and technical support for solving acid mine drainage problems and building a knowledge- base necessary to manage our ecological resources wisely and to prevent or reduce environmental risks in the future. ····· 10361113183

A deep insight into Japan Islands

für 44.10€ kaufen ···· Rheinberg-Buch.de - Bücher, eBooks, DVD & Blu-ray
The prime purpose of this book is to present a new insight into the shallow and deep structure of the earth beneath Japan Islands. It is a deep penetration inside the earth down to 700 km depth exhibiting interesting images and distinctive information on the complexity of the shallow and deep velocity structure. This book revealed important results about volcanoes Pacific slab destiny beneath Japan Philippine Sea slap behavior dehydration process slab stagnation and many others. How did these slabs reach this depth And, are they responsible on the active volcanoes in this region Does water exist at this high temperature and pressure depth Do the sea mounts effect the slab subduction rates. The answer of these questions and is given in this book in detail, Have a nice reading !! ····· 10361113178

Landslide Investigations

für 44.10€ kaufen ···· Rheinberg-Buch.de - Bücher, eBooks, DVD & Blu-ray
This book embodies the results of landslide investigation in NW Himalaya, India. Conventionally, landslides are subjected to casual geologic- engineering investigations and recommended bioengineering practices are being employed for the mitigation of landslide hazards. The geologic investigations include the well known observation approach taking into account lithology, topography, catchment characteristics, climate, etc. The current investigation is based on new Observation Approach in landslide research, which is different in concept from the above method in soil mechanics and involves observation of the magnitude of the deformation parameters. This new approach focuses on monitoring of subsurface movements at different sites for landslide hazard assessment. Evaluation of palaeo- strain, petrophysics, and kinematics and sediment characterisation is a new development in this direction. This book provides insights in understanding the landslide mechanism from the viewpoint of these developments in landslide investigation. The students and researchers of earth sciences, engineers, land managers, planners, and others shall benefit from this book ····· 10361113079

How To Facet Nigerian Gems

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This book examines the various geological reports on Nigerian geology which indicate that gemstones occur in all the geologic units of Nigeria. They are however concentrated within the 400km long and 150km wide NE-SW trending pegmatite belt of central Nigeria.Sapphire and emerald are the recognized precious stones while tourmaline, amethyst, topaz, zircon,garnet, and aquamarine constitute the common semi-precious stones in Nigeria. Their reserves are however not well known due to non systematic exploration. Over 90% of the Nigerian gems are exported illegally and are won in an environmentally unfriendly manner.At present, only one lapidary situated in Jos exist in the country. Many Nigerians can afford the loupe, filter and dichroscope and become proficient in gem identification. With few months of training, Nigerians can become skilled lapidarists. Processing of gems is involves sawing, performing, dopping,calibrating, faceting and polishing. Pear, round,octagon, square, oval, marquise, triangle and heart shapes of different sizes are cut and polished in Nigeria.The demand for cut and polished Nigerian gems which has several uses is on the increase internationally. ····· 10361113051

Hyaloclastites of shelf and seamount

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Submarine eruptions of basaltic magma range from highly explosive events to quiet lava effusions. Explosivity, driven by rapid exsolution of magmatic volatiles and/or steam explosions during interaction with external water, is increasingly suppressed by hydrostatic pressure. In this project a shallow marine Surtseyan deposit and a deep marine volcaniclastic rock sequence from a seamount at 2000 m bsl are studied to assess the limits of phreatomagmatic processes, esp. the role of steam at different depth levels. Moreover, hyaloclastite depositional mechanisms are analysed as well as the formation of limu o`Pele. In a nutshell, small volume fluxes, a forced, confined style of magma-water interaction combined with minimal exsolution of magmatic volatiles seem to be the controlling factors to generate limu o`Pele-bearing deep sea hyaloclastites, whereas open-vent eruptions and abundant degassing favour Surtseyan style eruptions. This book is aimed at all those volcanophils interested in the physical processes and dynamics of magma fragmentation during submarine eruptions. ····· 10361113019

Galmei und Schalenblende aus dem Altenberger Grubenfeld bei Kelmis/La Calamine

für 34.80€ kaufen ···· Rheinberg-Buch.de - Bücher, eBooks, DVD & Blu-ray
Die Wiege der europäischen Messing- und Zinkindustrie, der Aachen-Lütticher Raum, ist mit dem Namen `Altenberg` auf das Engste verknüpft. Bereits vor der Entwicklung erster industrietauglicher Verfahren zur Direktverhüttung von Zinkerzen im 18. und 19. Jahrhundert lagen im mittleren Maas-Tal und im Aachen-Lütticher Raum historische Zentren der europäischen Messingindustrie. Die Ursprünge des Galmeiabbaus am Altenberg bei Kelmis (La Calamine), der bis auf die letzten Jahrzehnte seiner Existenz als Bergwerk vorzugsweise im Tagebau betrieben wurde, liegen im Dunkeln. Die Lagerstätte stand nachweislich wenigstens seit 1344 im Abbau der Ort selber wurde als `kelms` erstmals 1280 erwähnt. Dass der Altenberg wegen seiner überregionalen Bedeutung für die mittelalterliche Messingindustrie eine politische Rolle spielte, beweisen die ständigen Streitigkeiten zwischen der Reichsstadt Aachen und den Grafen bzw. späteren Herzögen von Limburg bis hin zu Philipp dem Guten von Burgund, inzwischen auch Herzog von Limburg und Brabant, der die Lagerstätte 1439 kurzerhand in Besitz nahm. Der Bergbau verblieb seitdem im Einflussbereich des Herzogtums Limburg, welches 1482 durch Heirat der Maria von Burgund mit Maximilian I. von Österreich in habsburgischen Besitz überging. Mit den geänderten Besitzverhältnissen war allerdings Aachens Messingproduktion nicht von der Erzzufuhr aus dem Altenberg abgeschnitten. Der Erzabbau wurde nämlich seitens des Landesherrn immer wieder an Einzelpächter oder Pachtgesellschaften übertragen, so dass Lieferverträge mit diesen die Versorgung Aachens mit hochwertigem Galmei sicherte. 1794 übernahm das revolutionäre Frankreich die Herrschaft. Aufgrund des französischen Bergrechts und mit dem Neuzuschnitt der Altenberger Bergbau-Konzesssion auf 8 500 ha erhielt der Lütticher Chemiker Jean Jacques Daniel Dony 1805 von Napoleon I. die Abbaurechte für 50 Jahre zuerkannt. 1810 wurde er sogar Eigentümer der Bergbau-Konzession. Kurz zuvor hatte Dony ein industriegeeignetes Zinkverhüttungs-Verfahren entwickelt, welches im Laufe der nächsten Jahrzehnte die traditionelle Technik der Messing-Herstellung nach dem bisherigen `Galmei-Verfahren` ablösen sollte. Im Laufe der folgenden Jahre gingen die Bergbaurechte in die Hände von Dominique Mosselmann über. Die Mitglieder seiner Familie gründeten noch in seinem Todesjahr 1837 die `Société anonyme des Mines et Fonderies de Zinc de la Vieille Montagne`. Vorher jedoch - im Zuge der Neuordnung der politischen Landschaft im nach-napoleonischen Europa - wurde mit der Gründung des Königreichs der Niederlande 1815 der wichtigste Teil der Altenberger Konzession, die Lagerstätte Altenberg selber, als `Neutral-Moresnet` (1816-1919) unter gemeinsame preußisch-niederländische Verwaltung gestellt, ein weiterer Teil der Konzession wurde als `Moresnet` niederländisch und ein dritter Teil als `Neu-Moresnet` preußisch. Letzterer Teil umfasste allein ca. 5100ha der gesamten Konzession. 1830 gingen der niederländische Konzessionsteil sowie sonstige niederländische Rechte an das neugegründete Königreich Belgien über. 1919 wurde Neutral-Moresnet Belgien zugeschlagen, ebenso die ursprünglich preußischen bzw. deutschen Anteile am Altenberger Konzessionsfeld. Mit der Übernahme des Bergbaubetriebs am Altenberg durch die `Vieille Montagne` begann hier die neuzeitliche industrielle Blütezeit. Der Bau einer Zinkhütte 1835, Erweiterung der bestehenden Bergwerksanlagen sowie Verbesserungen der Bergbau- und Aufbereitungstechnik führten zu signifikanten Produktionssteigerungen. Nach Erschöpfung und Schließung der Altenberger Lagerstätte 1884 ging der Bergbau jedoch in den übrigen Teilen des Konzessions-Gebiets weiter. Man hatte seinerzeit nämlich vorsorglich Prospektionsarbeiten durchgeführt, die zur (Wieder-) Entdeckung und zum Aufschluss weiterer Lagerstätten bzw. Erzvorräte führten. 1938 endete der Bergbau in der Altenberger Konzession der ····· 10361108268

Dürre und Flut

für 24.80€ kaufen ···· Rheinberg-Buch.de - Bücher, eBooks, DVD & Blu-ray
Die Gewässer der Erde werden heute in steigendem Maß vom Menschen degeneriert. Wenn sich das nicht bald ändert, könnte unsere Zivilisation in Gefahr geraten. Wasser ist zwar auf unserem Planeten reichlich vorhanden, aber hiervon ist 70 Prozent Salzwasser und vom Rest liegt das meiste als Eis vor. So musste der Mensch stets um Trinkwasser bemüht sein. Im Laufe der Zivilisation stieg der Wasserbedarf rapide an, in Landwirtschaft und Energieversorgung, doch auch infolge von Verschwendung und Verschmutzung der Wasservorräte. Heute stammen 40 Prozent unserer Nahrung aus bewässerungsbedürftiger Landwirtschaft und ca. 20 Prozent dieses Wassers wird aus Rückhaltebecken bezogen. Spätestens bis zum Jahr 2050 ist mit ernsthaften Engpässen in der Wasserversorgung zu rechnen, und das nicht nur in den USA sondern auch in China und anderen Ländern. Inzwischen sorgt man sich auch über die Belastung der Gewässer mit radioaktivem Abfall (New Sci Febr. 2013, 20-21). Auch die Belastung der Gewässer mit Arsen ist wieder im Gespräch (New Sci 2012, 9. Juni,120). Die Dammprojekte am sudanesischen Nil bedrohen die klassischen Stätten (Science 336, 2012, 67). Verarmung an Grundwasser wird durch überbeanspruchte Aquifere verursacht (Science 337, 2012: 630). Ein Inferno bahnt sich am Yangtse an, wo eine Serie Rückhaltebecken geplant ist (Science 336, 2012: 288-289). Eine ähnliche Flut von Problemen trifft die Indischen Dammprojekte, da diese mit unberechenbaren Risiken verbunden sind (Nature 492/15, 2012). Wenn wir alle Anforderungen die wir an einen gesunden Ozean stellen, im Fischfang, Tourismus, Küstenschutz usw. mit hundert Punkten ansetzen, dann liegt die heutige Punktzahl je Region zwischen 5 Prozent und 70 Prozent (Science 337: 787, 2012). Überfischen trifft nicht nur die individuellen Arten sondern letztlich das gesamte Ökosystem (Science 338:474-475, 2012). Für unseren Planeten ist so die Zivilisation zum Problem geworden. Der Vormensch Australopithecus begann vor vier Millionen Jahren mit einer Energieflussdichte von schätzungsweise 19 000 erg pro Sekunde und Gramm Körpergewicht (erg sec-1g-1). Beim Homo erectus hat sich der Betrag nach Einführung des Feuergebrauchs etwa verdoppelt und bei Homo sapiens nach Einführung der Landwirtschaft nochmals vervierfacht. Im Industriezeitalter stieg der Wert dann sprunghaft auf 250 000 erg sec-1g-1. Heute verdoppelt sich allein die Zahl der Transistoren in unseren elektronischen Rechnern etwa alle 18 Monate, und zugleich werden die Module kompakter gefertigt, was alles den Energiefluss zusätzlich in die Höhe treibt. Mit jedem Energieumsatz wird mehr Entropie freigesetzt, und diese belastet die Umwelt mit Abwärme, Verunreinigungen, Giften. Wenn die Erde die Belastung nicht mehr bewältigen kann, trifft das den Verursacher selbst, und bringt ihn gegebenenfalls zum Verschwinden (Chaisson E J: Cosmic Evolution. Harvard Univ Press, Cambridge 2001). Die irdischen Wasserkreisläufe setzen Energieflüsse auf dem Planeten ingang und haben so einen starken Einfluss auf die Umweltaktivität. Das zeigt der Vergleich mit anderen kosmischen Objekten. Die Erde ist der einzige Himmelskörper mit einem ständigen Wasserkreislauf (soweit bekannt) und ist zugleich der Planet mit dem stärksten Energiefluss pro Masse (erg s-1 g-1). Er übertrifft diesbezüglich alle anderen Systeme um Größenordnungen, etwa die Galaxien, Sterne, Supernovae. So hat die Erde mehr Ordnung, Information, Vielfalt, Komplexität hervorgebracht als jeder andere Himmelskörper, und das ist offenbar der Tätigkeit des flüssigen Wassers zuzuschreiben. Nur das menschliche Gehirn hat einen höheren Energiefluss erreicht und ist damit der exquisiteste Klumpen Materie im Universum geworden. Er übertrifft was den Energiefluss pro Masseneinheit angeht eine Galaxie um mindestens 7 Größenordnungen, übertrifft den der Sonne um mindestens 5 Größenordnungen, und den der Erde um mindestens 4 Größenordnungen. ····· 10361108180

Groundwater Reserve Assessment

für 61.20€ kaufen ···· Rheinberg-Buch.de - Bücher, eBooks, DVD & Blu-ray
Geophysical techniques can map the subsurface conditions apart from boreholes. These methods can be used for geophysical assessment of hydraulic properties and determination of aquifer geometry. Particularly, a description of electrical resistivity method used for quantitative groundwater resources assessment, supported by laboratory investigations for petrophysical properties to estimate groundwater reserve within the aquifer. ····· 10361103081

Groundwater Exploration and Development in Basement Complex Area:

für 71.10€ kaufen ···· Rheinberg-Buch.de - Bücher, eBooks, DVD & Blu-ray
The groundwater potential of the basement complex area of southern Kaduna state has been investigated using a multidisciplinary approach. These include: basic geological, hydrogeological, geophysical and water quality analysis. The area is underlain by Precambrian migmatite gneiss, granite, shists and newer basalts. The results of geophysical survey using the electromagnetic (EM) and resistivity methods proved to be effective in locating and assessing regolith aquifers. Interpretation of the sounding curves obtained in the study area, suggests that the subsurface layering ranges from 3- 5 layers.The evaluation of hydrogeological borehole parameters gave borehole yield range of 25.9 - 1089m3/day with a mean value of 275m3/day. The specific capacity values ranged from 0.528 - 132.48m3/day/m. The value of transmissivity of the boreholes ranged from 0.359 to 101m2/day. The quality of water exhibits low total mineralization. The groundwater can be classified as Ca-Na-HCO3 fresh water. A survey of 52 existing boreholes showed that more than 60% were not functioning due lack of geophysical surveys, proper borehole design and maintenance. ····· 10361102809

BIOSTRATIGRAPHY AND PALEOCEANOGRAPHY OF PLIOCENE-PLEISTOCENE RADIOLARIA

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Leg 119 Site 745 lies between 59°35.71`S and 85° 51.60`E at the base of the southern slope of the Southern Kerguelen Plateau in the southern ocean region. The length of the studied core is 99.55 meters which is collected at a water depth of 4082.5 meters. Core is divided into eleven sections 1H-11H having 134 samples, although stratigraphically the hole core is subdivided into subunit IA and IB consisting of radiolaria along with diatoms ooze, minor silt, feldspar alternations of clay, diatomaceous sediments with minor silt and radiolaria respectively. After examination of 134 samples 77 radiolarian taxa have been identified and illustrated. Four radiolarian zones (Phi ( ), Chi ( ), Psi ( ) and Omega ( ) in ascending order) have been established on the basis of upward last appearance, consistent appearance and highest common occurrence of the radiolarian species. Biostratigraphically the total age of the core is ~0-1.85 Ma and Pliocene Pleistocene boundary is also marked at 1.7 Ma. Investigation suggests that the study area lies in mixed zone and contains a diverse radiolarian assemblage i.e. cold water, bipolar cold water and cosmopolitan in nature. ····· 10361102666

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