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Problems of Small Scale Land Owners

für 44.10€ kaufen ···· Rheinberg-Buch.de - Bücher, eBooks, DVD & Blu-ray
Agriculture contributes substantially to the economy in terms of food, employment and foreign exchange earnings and will continue to be a very important sector of Pakistan s economy in the near future. The current study has been undertaking to know problems of small scale land owners. The universe of the study was small scale land owners in Tehsil Sargodha. The sample size was 150 respondents interview schedule was used as a tool of data collection. After collecting data it was processed statistically. The study includes respondent s personal data. All of them were male and under the age of 70, their average age was 47 years. Respondent s agricultural experience were maximum 50 years. About 14% respondents were illiterate, 14% were primary pass, 23% were middle pass, 26% were matric, and 13% were F.A while 7% were graduate and 3% were master degree holders. Mostly, 74%, respondents belong to joint family system while 25% belong to nuclear family system. About 22% respondents had 1-5 acre owned area and 34% had 5-10 acre while 26 respondents had 10-15 acre owned area. ····· 1036189211

Exploitation of Native Bacillus thuringiensis against Cotton Bollworms

für 71.10€ kaufen ···· Rheinberg-Buch.de - Bücher, eBooks, DVD & Blu-ray
I hope this book shall not only open an avenue for the beginners , but shall also benefit Local bio-pesticide industry in order to obtain newer local geographic isolates which are readily acclimatized to the local environment. This will not only benefit the bio-pesticide manufacturer but also enable the local farmers get native more efficient isolates at a reasonable price. I trust this publication shall create a great demend. ····· 1036189209

Management of fish discards and by-products on board

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In the framework of the future application of a zero-discard policy in EU fisheries, this thesis aims to develop and implement an efficient and integral waste management both on board the fishing vessels and in land (fish auctions and fish processing industry). To this end, it proposes a compaction operation able to reduce the volume and the water activity of the fish wastes, thus favouring their handling and reducing the economical costs associated to their transport and storage. To assess the viability of a waste compaction operation, the main operation factors governing the process were identified, and their influence upon the performance of a prototype at pre-industrial scale was investigated by a statistical approach. The main drawback associated to fish waste compaction is the generation of a variable amount of wastewaters, which cannot be directly discharged without a suitable depuration treatment. To this regard, the proposed wastewater treatment comprised two series filter cartridges, able to remove most of the fine solids followed by a membrane batch concentration unit able to produce a final permeate meeting the current environmental regulations. ····· 1036189185

Homegardening for rural households in Bangladesh

für 44.10€ kaufen ···· Rheinberg-Buch.de - Bücher, eBooks, DVD & Blu-ray
The study was carried out in Kadamtala vaillage of Pirojpur district in Bangladesh and covered 48 households from the village. Data were collected by using interview schedule during September 2007 to February 2008. In addition to structured questionnaire simple technique and visual observations were made to collect reliable data. Farm families were selected randomly and they grouped in to four different categories namely, marginal, small, medium and large on the basis of homegarden size. The main purpose of this study is to determine the importance of homegarden for the rural household economy of different size of homegarden and to compare it with that of paddy field income in the study area. Farming family accounting frame (income sheet) was used to analyze the data obtained. Local market prices were applied for all revenues and costs. ····· 1036189182

Characterization and Sustainability Assessment of Soils

für 44.10€ kaufen ···· Rheinberg-Buch.de - Bücher, eBooks, DVD & Blu-ray
Soil sustainability is of great concern nowadays because of elevated population in the globe. Thousand hectares of agricultural land has been occupied by the increased population. That s why limited resources have to be utilized to the full extent to feed the increased stomachs. To increase the agricultural production soil characterization is a basic need. Soil characterization can be done in various soil parameters such as organic matter, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, pH etc. This study was carried out in Chitwan district where high intensity farming has been practiced for more than 20 years. The productivity of soil resources has declined due to soil fertility depletion, nutrient imbalance, decline in organic matter content and decline in physical and hydrological properties. It is therefore, increasing concern about soil resource inventory and its sustainability for the optimum use in the future. Geographical Information System (GIS) tool was used for generating distribution map of soil properties which provides information on resources which will be important to planners, decision makers and researchers. ····· 1036189168

Intercropping maize with Egyptian cotton (Gossypium barbadense)

für 61.20€ kaufen ···· Rheinberg-Buch.de - Bücher, eBooks, DVD & Blu-ray
The study aims to possibility of increasing total monetary economic return for farmers and encourage them to grow cotton by intercropping with cash crop like maize. Mixed intercropping pattern gave the highest seed cotton yield/acre than the other intercropping patterns. Maize variety S.C.30k09 had lower adverse effects on number of bolls/plant, seed cotton yield per plant and per acre than maize variety T.W.C.310. Doubling distance between hills of maize plants from 35 to 70 cm gave higher means for each of number of bolls/plant, seed cotton yield per plant and per acre. Number of maize plants under intercropping patterns played a major role of intercropped maize yield. Net return of intercropped maize with cotton varied between Euro 243.1 and 603.8 per acre as compared with recommended solid planting of cotton (Euro 301.7). Mixed intercropping pattern gave the highest value of net return (Euro 603.8) when maize variety S.C.30k09 was grown in wide distance between hills (4 plants at 70 cm apart). ····· 1036189163

Improving Irrigation Management:

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The best estimates of crop water use result from direct measurement, but this is not always feasible on large scale. The next most accurate approach would be one which integrates our understanding of the soil-plant-atmosphere continuum as mechanically as possible. The Soil Water Balance (SWB) model is a mechanistic, real-time, generic crop, soil water balance, irrigation scheduling model. SWB gives a detailed description of the soil-plant-atmosphere continuum, making use of weather, soil and crop management data. Traditional irrigation was practiced in Ethiopia since time immemorial. Despite this, water productivity in the sector remained low. At Godino, farmers use the same water amount and interval, regardless of crop species and growth stage. In an effort to improve this, two of the traditional irrigation scheduling methods was compared with two more scientific methods, using furrow irrigation. The growth performance and tuber yield of potato cv. Awash revealed that irrigation scheduling using a neutron probe (NP) significantly outperformed the traditional methods, followed by SWB model irrigation calendar. Since NP involves high cost and skills to use, SWB is preferred. ····· 1036189148

Hybridization of Acacia senegal Provenances

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The book attempted to establish the genetic basis and inheritance of seedling growths traits in Acacia senegal provenances via estimation of the general and specific combining abilities of parents and crosses respectively. It also aimed at determining the extend of heterosis and inter relationship among the measured traits in a 6 x 6 diallel crossing procedure using Griffing s model 1, method 2. ····· 1036189142

Mangrove-based shrimp fry fisheries in Bangladesh

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Shrimp aquaculture in Bangladesh has been increased rapidly during the last three decades converting the Sundarban mangrove forest into shrimp farms, destroying the ecosystem of coastal wetlands and creating social unrests. Increasing demand for shrimp seeds has encouraged thousands of coastal fisherfolk to become involved in fry catching. Fry fisheries are resulting huge by-catch, hampering the coastal ecosystems, causing damage to the nursery grounds of many aquatic species, and newly planted mangroves and reserve forests. Consequently, Government impose ban on wild shrimp fry catching pushing 400,000 fry collectors into uncertainty for their livelihoods. The study on Mangrove-based shrimp fry fisheries in Bangladesh: Government policies and associated socioeconomic dynamics involving fry collectors has been conducted in Paikgacha upazila (sub-district) of Khulna district with an aim to support in policy formulation for better livelihood of shrimp fry collectors maintaining the coastal ecosystems and fisheries resources sustainable. ····· 1036189134

Intercropping soybean with maize under high population densities

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The study aims to increase intercropped soybean and maize yields. Intercropping pattern 2:4 (H) gave the highest seed yield/acre as compared with those of normal population of 2:4 (N) and other patterns. Soybean variety (Giza 22) had higher values for all studied soybean parameters than Giza 111 variety. All studied parameters of intercropped soybean were increased by doubling distance between hills of maize plants from 30 to 60 cm under intercropping patterns. Leaf area and yield/plant of intercropped maize were higher than those of solid maize under the same density of maize in the ridges. Intercropping pattern 2:2 (N) gave the highest grain yield/acre as compared with the other intercropping patterns. Wider distance between hills of maize plants (60 cm apart) gave higher values for all studied maize characters. Increasing soybean plant densities under intercropping patterns (2:2 `H` and 2:4 `H`) caused significant increments in soybean yield/acre and land equivalent ratio without significant reduction in maize yield/acre. Net return of intercropped maize with soybean varied between Euro 193.7 and 320.1 per acre as compared with recommended solid planting of maize (Euro 202.6). ····· 1036189128

Genetic Variability and Correlations in Coconut

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Nine coconut genotypes including six varieties and three hybrids were evaluated at Vellanikkara, Kerala, India. Economic characters showed high genotypic coefficient of variation. Heritability was high for petiole length, oil content and nut yield. Among the reproductive characters, female flowers showed maximum seasonal variation. Nut yield was correlated with both vegetative and reproductive characters. Copra yield, Oil yield and Oil content(%) were dependent on vegetative characters. Step-down regression also revealed the influence of vegetative characters on economic characters. Moreover, vegetative characters had higher direct effects than reproductive characters on economic characters. Correlation, regression and path analyses suggested that reproductive traits had less effect on economic characters due to genotype x season (year) interaction. ····· 1036189119

Contribution of Forest Products for Livelihood & Forest Conservation

für 35.91€ kaufen ···· Rheinberg-Buch.de - Bücher, eBooks, DVD & Blu-ray
Forest provides livelihoods for hundreds of millions of people worldwide, through production of different products. The purpose of this study was to analyze the contribution of collected forest products for local livelihoods and forest conservation in Masha and Andracha Woredas of Sheka Zone in the Southern Nations and Nationalities and Peoples Regional State. Systematic sampling and simple random sampling techniques were employed to conduct survey of households and markets, respectively. Furthermore, vegetation data were collected in a total of 160 plots (20m x 20m) in four PAs following gradient of accessibility (village to deep forest). The analyzed household survey data results showed honey from beehives,kororima (Aframomum corrorima), timiz (Piper capense), wild honey and cultivated coffee were collected mainly for commercial purposes whereas bamboo culm, fire wood, medicinal plants,wild gesho (Rhamnus prinoides), lianas and wild coffee were collected for subsistence. Income from forest products support 71 % in Beto, 22.1 % in Abelo, 74.6 % in Chegecha and 26.8 % in Modi (PA) of the average annual income of local people. ····· 1036189116

Aquaculture in Ethiopia

für 61.20€ kaufen ···· Rheinberg-Buch.de - Bücher, eBooks, DVD & Blu-ray
Ethiopia is a country in the horn of Africa endowed with several aquatic resources, including over 20 natural lakes, 12 large river basins, over 75 wetlands, and 15 reservoirs. Micro and macro-dam construction and river impoundment have intensified in recent years and created innumerable large and small water bodies. These water bodies can have great potential for capture and culture fisheries. Yet use of aquatic resources from these water resources is limited only small scale fish capture in some lakes and a few rivers. This book is the first attempt made to present aquaculture potential, cage culture study and national aquaculture development strategy of Ethiopia. It shows the general picture of the aquaculture situation in the country based on scarce data and professional experience. The book will provide a solid basis for further scientific studies for the scientists, aquaculturist, organization working in food security area and the public at large for the benefit of local communities and the country. It will also be a good reference for the investors for investing in fish production in the country. ····· 1036189113

Sustainable Forest Management in Community Forest

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The case study was carried out in Ashok Community Forest and User group of Makwanpur district. The study aimed to assess the status of sustainable forest management of CF and the condition of forest as well. Different Criteria and Indicators (C&I) were used for the sustainability assessment. Criteria and Indicators used were first selected from C&I made by different organizations (ITTO, CIFOR). Those C&I were re-constructed to fit with objectives and local condition in the study area for their compatibility with management objectives and other prevailing local conditions. In total 77 indicators under 5 criteria were selected for social and ecological sustainability assessment. PRA tools were used for socio-economic data and ecological data were collected through resource inventory and rapid vegetation assessment. Achieved data were analyzed quantitatively and qualitatively by different statistical tools. It was found that the forest condition of growing stock and regeneration of the forest is good. The sustainability of the community forest in social terms is found more effective than that of ecological terms. ····· 1036189106

Tertiary Students` Knowledge of Nutrition

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This book analyses consumer behaviour with regard to college students in Nairobi, Kenya. The author focuses on students food choice patterns, what influences their food choices and why they purchase the foods that they consume. The book explains the major influences of food consumption patterns of tertiary students and their impact on the food sales of main supermarkets and food outlets within the city. Quantitative data pertaining to students food purchasing patterns from supermarkets and franchises was collected from college students. According to the findings, students preferred purchasing balanced diet food items for consumption. The author recommends that for supermarkets, small scale food vendors and franchises to cater to students food preferences and also boost their businesses, they should consider stocking balanced diet foods. This book is resourceful to food vendors, supermarket owners, and franchises in Kenya. ····· 1036189083

Stripe rust resistance and agronomic potential of wheat

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This study was designed due to the immense importance of wheat stripe rust in Pakistan. Considerable stripe rust with diversity among tested varieties for both adult plant resistance parameters and agronomic traits were registered. Based on overall traits, Kohsar-93, Bakhtawar-93, Saleem-2000, Fakhre-Sarhad, Tatara, Frontana and Karwan were considered suitable varieties with better level of cumulative adult plant resistance across NWFP, Pakistan. These may be recommended for cultivation and could be used in different breeding programmes in Pakistan. However, studies carried out under controlled environment with pure race culture along with molecular markers may be even more valid in elucidating the genetic mechanism of stripe ruts resistance these varieties. ····· 1036189063

Agricultural Biotechnology for Food Security

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This research examines the role of biotechnology in terms improving agricultural production. It examines the progress of the technology in agriculture and its application in Ethiopia. It particularly stresses on the types of interventions made so far by Ethiopia and its potentials when best policies are alongside applied. Expert opinion is sought in order to identify key recommendations. The study concludes that with proper guidelines and enhanced R&D capacity on agriculture, agricultural biotechnology has the potential to address food security challenges of Ethiopia. ····· 1036189061

The Pesticide Residual Effects in Agriculture and Human Welfare

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The use of pesticides has caused great impact on human welfare on south Asian scenario especially in Nepal. The commercial vegetable farming has increased the rate of application of pesticides enormously to increase the yield and people even donot consider for the specified waiting periods. This might be because of high rate of illiteracy among Nepali people. The bad impacts that the pesticide is causing in human health can be long term. This book has covered all the aspects regarding the pesticide use, its impacts on human health as well as environmental hazards focused primarily in Nepalese scenario. The book also describes about the potentiality for organic farming in Nepal in order to promote the sustainability in Nepalese agriculture in general. ····· 1036189056

How to Apply Fish Farming in Drylands?

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This book is a practical methodology to introduce fish farming application in arid and semi arid regions. It deals with the desertification situation in North Africa, Middle East, and mainly in Egypt and deals with fish industry production in this region. It explores the causes which led to desertification in the region, and the emerged environmental and socioeconomical consequences. The book gives an innovated idea to combat desertification in remote areas where lake of freshwater and limited natural resources prevail by enforcing fish culture to under certain conditions it also explains the reasons for which fish farming can be a useful tool to combat desertification and to promote promising economical outcomes. The methodology which is addressed in the book was scientifically studied and proved. It can be effectively applicable in different regions, and is very helpful to inland countries where no costal borders are available to secure self sufficiency of fish production. The book is helpful to decision makers and development experts, scientists of agriculture, economy, water & environmental sciences, and fish culture. ····· 1036189045

Modern Perspectives on the Potassium Nutrition of Cotton

für 61.20€ kaufen ···· Rheinberg-Buch.de - Bücher, eBooks, DVD & Blu-ray
Potassium (K) is the most influencing plant nutrient in cotton production due to its positive effects on the yield and fiber quality of cotton. However, due to the scorching prices of K fertilizers, the farmers around the globe seldom include K in cotton nutrition program. A variety of strategies are devised for low-K-input sustainable cotton production, including the identification of K-use-efficient genotypes and the integrated use of inorganic and organic sources of K. This monograph focuses upon K use efficiency of cotton genotypes, in a series of hydroponics, pot and field experiments, and how it is affected by inorganic and organic K fertilizers. Various factors affecting productivity of selected cotton genotypes under K deficiency stress are highlighted. Organic and inorganic K fertilizers are compared for correcting K deficiency in cotton. These studies have implications for agriculture particularly in developing countries where K fertilizers are scarce and expensive. This well written and easy to read book is practically useful for undergraduate and postgraduate students, research workers and extensionists. ····· 1036189020

Economics of off-season vegetables

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With the changing food habits, the importance of vegetables in the human diet is increasingly realized. It has places vegetable farming in advantageous position. The agro-climatic conditions of hilly regions of Himachal Pradesh, India are such that they offer a unique opportunity for growing off-season vegetables. The present work has investigated into the various costs involved in the production and marketing of these vegetables, marketing channels, margins, price spread and the constraints faced by the producers. The costs of production varied from Rs. 28,633 to Rs. 54,775 per hectare for selected vegetables. The gross returns were highest for tomato. Three marketing channels were prevalent. Malpractices in the market place and lack of farmers organizations were the major circumscribing factors. The present investigation will help the policy makers, extension workers and research scientists to focus their efforts to minimize the constraints and problems of off-season vegetable producers particular and farming community in general. This will encourage the farmers to take up this venture with more enthusiasm thus uplifting the the socio-economic level of our ultimate target group. ····· 1036189005

Effect of Nitrogen and water on Wheat and Barley Root and Shoot Growth

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Crop root capture studies are rare especially under field conditions because of the limitations associated with root sampling, preparation and analysis. Since roots are the agents of both water and nutrient uptake their activities are crucial. So, understanding the relationship between root traits and water and nitrogen uptake is required for effective management. Greenhouse and field experiments were conducted to quantify the response of root and shoot growth, root-shoot partitioning and water and nitrogen use efficiency by wheat and barley crops. Therefore, the objectives of the present study were: 1. To study the interactive effects of water and nitrogen on shoot and root traits of wheat and barley 2. To identify the crop trait(s) that improve crop water use and nitrogen capture and 3. To evaluate the impact of rooting traits on above-ground growth and grain productivity under different water and nitrogen levels. ····· 1036188987

Effect Of Different Organic Manures & Light On The Growth Of Cabomba

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Cabomba caroliniana, a perennial submerged plant with a wide geographical range, occurring in freshwater lakes, ponds and rivers. It has a high adaptive capability, and can grow in different sediments in either nutrient-poor or nutrient-rich freshwater systems. This plant not only provides food resources and habitat for fish and invertebrates but also can have a strong influence on water quality. Sediment and light are essential factors regulating the growth of submerged aquatic plants.Present study was conducted to determine the role of different organic manures viz, raw cattle manure, poultry manure and vermicompost on the growth of C. caroliniana under different light intensities. Also the growth parameters, water parameters & plant nutrition were studied. The implication of the result and suggestion for future research were discussed in detail. ····· 1036188968

Tuberose

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Flowers are one of the most important and unique gift of nature to humanity. The flowers are mainly used for garland, veni, worship, table decoration, making bouquet, gajra, mandap decoration, honey moon beds or bridal beds decoration as well as in many religious ceremonies and social functions. The cut flowers like rose, gladiolus, tuberose, chrysanthemum, carnation, gerbera, orchid, anthurium, lilies etc. have commonly and frequently used for many purposes in both the local as well as international market. Among them, tuberose is one of the most important cut flower not only due to its white color flowers, attractive spike and delightful fragrance, but ease cultivation and wide adaptability to varying soils and agro-climatic condition. Tuberose (Polianthes tuberosa L.) is originated from Mexico (Trueblood, 1973) and relative of the century plant (Agave), belongs to family Agavaceae and suborder Amarylliaceae.It is widely grown in the plains of India, flaunting its fragrance both outdoor and indoor. It is known in vernaculars as Nishigandha or Rajanigandh or Gul-e-shabu. ····· 1036188958

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